Multidisciplinary collaboration and transformations in learning processes can be supported by activity-based campus retrofitting. The aim of this paper is to analyse the ongoing campus retrofitting processes at the three university campuses and to identify the elements of activity-based retrofitting. We answer the questions "What kind of examples of retrofitting are there at Nordic Campuses?" and "What kind of elements are typical for activity-based retrofitting concepts?" The 3-level framework of campus retrofitting processes was employed when conducting the three case studies. The cases were about the new ways of researching, collaborating and learning with the concepts of Living lab, Creative community for innovation and entrepreneurship and Network of learning hubs. The cases provided the first insights on retrofitting based on users' changing needs and the requirements of more sustainable solutions at campuses. Notably, a technical and spatial solution covers only part of retrofitting processes. The activity-based retrofitting consists on multidisciplinary collaboration and learning processes where diverse users have diverse roles during retrofitting processes. A process and a product are equally important for a viable retrofitting concept. (C) 2015 Published by Elsevier B.V.