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Abstract In this paper, we think with Puig de la Bellacasa’s ‘matters of care’ about how to support data care and its politics. We use the notion to reflect on participatory design activities in two recent case studies of local collective data management in ecological research. We ask “How to design for data care?” and “How to account for the politics of data care in design?” Articulation of data care together with ethically and politically significant data issues in design, reveals in these cases the invisible labors of care by local data advocates and a ‘partnering designer’. With digital data work in the sciences increasing and data infrastructures for research under development at a variety of large scales, the local level is often considered merely a recipient of services rather than an active participant in design of data practices and infrastructures. We identify local collective data management as a ‘neglected thing’ in infrastructure planning and speculate on how things could be different in the data landscape.
New Findings: What is the central question of this study? Can a 14-week strength-training programme modify intermuscular coherence levels during bipedal standing tasks with eyes open and eyes closed and reduce age-related differences? What is the main finding and its importance? Older adults had more prominent common input over 4–14 Hz with eyes open, but during the eyes-closed task the young adults were able to further enhance their common input at 6–36 Hz. This indicates that young adults are better at modulating common input in different motor tasks. Abstract: Understanding neural control of standing balance is important to identify age-related degeneration and design interventions to maintain function. Here, intermuscular coherence between antagonist muscle pairs around the ankle-joint during standing balance tasks was investigated before and after strength training. Ten young (18–31 years; YOUNG) and nine older adults (66–73 years; OLDER) stood on a force plate for 120 s with eyes open followed by 120 s with eyes closed before and after 14 weeks of strength training. Postural sway was quantified from centre-of-pressure displacement based on 3-D force moments. Electromyography (EMG) was recorded from the gastrocnemius medialis (GM), soleus (SOL) and tibilais anterior (TA) muscles of the right leg. Coherence between rectified EMG pairs (GM–TA, SOL–TA) was calculated for each 120 s epoch separately. Postural sway was lower in YOUNG compared to OLDER in eyes-open (6.8 ± 1.3 vs. 10.3 ± 4.7 mm s −1, P = 0.028) and eyes-closed (10.9 ± 3.1 vs. 24.4 ± 18.3 mm s −1, P = 0.032) tasks. For both muscle pairs, OLDER had more prominent common input over 4–14 Hz with eyes open, but when the proprioceptive demand was enhanced in the eyes-closed task the YOUNG were able to further enhance their common input at 6–36 Hz (P < 0.05). Strength training reduced the instability from closing the eyes in OLDER but did not alter coherence. This may highlight a greater functional reserve in YOUNG than in OLDER and possible emerging proprioceptive degeneration in OLDER. However, the findings question the functional role of coherence for balance.
Understanding neural control of standing balance is important to identify age‐related degeneration and design interventions to maintain function. Here, intermuscular coherence between antagonist muscle pairs around the ankle‐joint during standing balance tasks was investigated before and after strength‐training. Ten young (18–31 years; YOUNG) and 9 older adults (66–73 years; OLDER) stood on a force plate for 120 s with eyes open followed by 120 s with eyes closed before and after 14 weeks of strength‐training. Postural sway was quantified from center‐of‐pressure displacement based on 3‐D force moments. Electromyography (EMG) was recorded from the gastrocnemius medialis (GM), soleus (SOL) and tibilais anterior (TA) muscles of the right leg. Coherence between rectified EMG pairs (GM‐TA, SOL‐TA) were calculated for each 120‐s‐epoch separately. Postural sway was lower in YOUNG compared to OLDER in eyes‐open (6.8 ± 1.3 vs 10.3 ± 4.7 mm/s, P = 0.028) and eyes‐closed (10.9 ± 3.1 vs. 24.4 ± 18.3 mm/s, P = 0.032) tasks. For both muscle pairs, OLDER had more prominent common input over 4–14 Hz with eyes open, but when the proprioceptive demand was enhanced in the eyes‐closed task the YOUNG were able to further enhance their common input at 6–36 Hz (P < 0.05). Strength‐training reduced the instability from closing the eyes in OLDER but did not alter coherence. This may highlight a greater functional reserve in YOUNG than OLDER and possible emerging proprioceptive degeneration in OLDER. However, the findings question the functional role of coherence for balance.
A student's ability to accurately evaluate the quality of their work holds significant implications for their self-regulated learning and problem-solving proficiency in introductory programming. A widespread cognitive bias that frequently impedes accurate self- assessment is overconfidence, which often stems from a misjudgment of contextual and task-related cues, including students' judgment of their peers' competencies. Little research has explored the role of overconfidence on novice programmers' ability to accurately monitor their own work in comparison to their peers' work and its impact on performance in introductory programming courses. The present study examined whether novice programmers exhibited a common cognitive bias called the "hard-easy effect", where students believe their work is better than their peers on easier tasks (overplace) but worse than their peers on harder tasks (underplace). Results showed a reversal of the hard-easy effect, where novices tended to overplace themselves on harder tasks, yet underplace themselves on easier ones. Remarkably, underplacers performed better on an exam compared to overplacers. These findings advance our understanding of relationships between the hard-easy effect, monitoring accuracy across multiple tasks, and grades within introductory programming. Implications of this study can be used to guide instructional decision making and design to improve novices' metacognitive awareness and performance in introductory programming courses.
Introduction This workshop was organized to provide members and other stakeholders of INAR RI Ecosystems with an introduction to data management in the ecological and related sciences. The notion of local data management was used as a starting point to discuss data management activities taking place at or close to the origins of data, and to envision how data was coordinated within and across boundaries of a variety of related contexts. INAR RI Ecosystems is a consortium project funded by the Academy of Finland Research Infrastructure (FIRI) program 2017–2021. The aim of the project is to propose and consolidate an umbrella for environmental and ecosystem research infrastructures (RIs) in Finland (Bäck et al. 2017, ENVRIplus 2017). The consortium is led by University of Helsinki and composed of key ecosystem research components in Finland including Universities of Helsinki, Eastern Finland, Turku, Oulu, and Jyväskylä, as well as three national research institutes including Natural Resources Institute Finland (LUKE), Finnish Environment Institute (SYKE), and Finnish Meteorological Institute (FMI). Figure 1 shows the INAR RI Ecosystems components and depicts which of the locations are ecosystem observation stations, experimental field stations, biological as well as ecophysiological laboratories, or co-locations of these. The aim of INAR RI Ecosystems is to 1) upgrade existing platforms and construct new platforms and data structures for analysing the functional relationships between ecosystems and the environment, 2) strengthen national ecosystem research and its linkages to atmospheric and environmental sciences, and 3) build a national scale, coordinated RI which enables the development and participation of Finnish partners in international RI initiatives such as ICOS, AnaEE and eLTER as well as data RIs such as EUDAT CDI and Lifewatch. Thus, INAR RI Ecosystems contributes as a national focal point for European Strategic Forum on Research Infrastructures (ESFRI) RIs.