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[Introduction] This work is a study of the influence of shell effects on the formation of binary fragments in damped collision. We have investigated binary reaction channels of the composite system with Z = 108 produced in the reaction 88 Sr + 176 Yb at an energy slightly above the Bass barrier ( E c.m. /E Bass = 1 . 03). Reaction products were detected by using the two-arm time-of-flight spectrometer CORSET at the K130 cyclotron of the Department of Physics, University of Jyv ̈ askyl ̈ a. The mass-energy distribution of primary binary fragments has been measured. For targetlike fragments heavier than 190 u, which correspond to a mass transfer as large as twenty nucleons or more, an enhancement of the yields is observed. This striking result can be ascribed to the proton shells at Z = 28 and 82 and implies the persistence of the shell effects in the formation of reaction fragments even for large mass transfers.
Reaction products from the system 136Xe+208Pb at 136Xe ions laboratory energies of 700, 870, and 1020 MeV were studied by two-body kinematics and by a catcher-foil activity analysis to explore the theoretically proposed suitability of such reaction as a means to produce neutron-rich nuclei in the neutron shell closure N=126. Cross sections for products heavier than 208Pb were measured and were found sensibly larger than new theoretical predictions. Transfers of up to 16 nucleons from Xe to Pb were observed.
To further our understanding of the influence of weakly coupled channels on the distribution of Coulomb barrier heights, we have measured transfer cross sections for 20Ne ions backscattered from natNi, 118Sn, and 208Pb targets at near-barrier energies. The Q value spectrum in the case of 208Pb target has been determined too. The transfer channels appear to be especially important for 208Pb, whose double-closed-shell nature leads to a relatively low level density for noncollective inelastic excitations.
Neutron-rich isotopes of heavy nuclei are until now poorly studied. In this work we investigate neutron-rich osmium isotopes produced in multi-nucleon transfer reactions. The reaction 136Xe+208Pb at energy near Coulomb barrier is used for production of osmium isotopes. The CORSAR-V setup is used to record the characteristics of osmium isotopes. The separation of the reaction products is based on their respective volatility. Experimental results are presented and discussed.
The unexplored area of heavy neutron rich nuclei is extremely important for nuclear astrophysics investigations and, in particular, for the understanding of the r-process of astrophysical nucleogenesis. For the production of heavy neutron rich nuclei located along the neutron closed shell N=126 (probably the last ”waiting point” in the r-process of nucleosynthesis) the low-energy multi-nucleon transfer reaction 136Xe+208Pb at Elab=870MeV was explored. Due to the stabilizing effect of the closed neutron shells in both nuclei, N=82 and N=126, and the rather favorable proton transfer from lead to xenon, the light fragments formed in this process are well bound and the Q-value of the reaction is nearly zero. Measurements were performed with the PRISMA spectrometer in coincidence with an additional time-of-flight (ToF) arm on the +20 beam line of the PIAVE-ALPI accelerator in Legnaro, Italy. The PRISMA spectrometer allows identification of the A, Z and velocity of the projectile-like fragments (PLF), while the second arm gives access to the target-like fragments (TLF). Details on the experimental setup and preliminary results are reported.