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—The pace of deploying artificial intelligence (AI) techniques to healthcare has been speeding up. Many of the initiatives have been technology driven aiming at finding problems matching the new technology while systematic, demand driven search for solutions has been limited. Here we describe the process of identifying opportunities for deploying artificial intelligence to healthcare and social services on regional and national levels in Finland. The process includes idea generation and elaboration using a design thinking method complemented with architectural design for identifying required AI capabilities for the 34 best use cases. In this paper, we focus on the development of use case “Mobile Solution for Home Care Coordination and Communication” to observe the evolving balance of technology push and demand pull faced in the process.
A vast variety of artificial intelligence techniques have been deployed to specific healthcare problems during the last thirty years with varying levels of success while there is a shortage of systematic matching of AI capabilities with the breadth of application opportunities. In this paper, we describe the process of identifying opportunities for deploying artificial intelligence to healthcare and social services on regional and national levels in Finland. The project involved a large number of stakeholders from a variety of backgrounds ranging from governmental agencies to entrepreneurs. The process described includes idea generation of an application or solution and its elaboration in workshops using a design thinking method. The resulting idea pool was filtered down to 34 best use case descriptions, which went through an architectural design process identifying AI capabilities needed in the components of these designs reported in this paper. The potential ones of the use cases were selected for prototype development. The subsequent steps in the process include feasibility prototypes and evaluation of the economic and business value of the solutions and applications.
AIM. Muscular fatigue is a complex phenomenon affected by muscle fiber type and several metabolic and ionic changes within myocytes. Mitochondria are the main determinants of muscle oxidative capacity which is also one determinant of muscle fatigability. By measuring the concentrations of intracellular stores of high-energy phosphates it is possible to estimate the energy production efficiency and metabolic recovery of the muscle. Low intrinsic aerobic capacity is known to be associated with reduced mitochondrial function. Whether low intrinsic aerobic capacity also results in slower metabolic recovery of skeletal muscle is not known. Here we studied the influence of intrinsic aerobic capacity on in vivo muscle metabolism during maximal, fatiguing electrical stimulation. METHODS. Animal subjects were genetically heterogeneous rats selectively bred to differ for non–trained treadmill running endurance, low capacity runners (LCRs) and high capacity runners (HCRs) (n = 15–19). We measured the concentrations of major phosphorus compounds and force parameters in a contracting triceps surae muscle complex using 31P-Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (31P-MRS) combined with muscle force measurement from repeated isometric twitches. RESULTS. Our results demonstrated that phosphocreatine re-synthesis after maximal muscle stimulation was significantly slower in LCRs (p<0.05). LCR rats also became promptly fatigued and maintained the intramuscular pH poorly compared to HCRs. Half relaxation time (HRT) of the triceps surae was significantly longer in LCRs throughout the stimulation protocol (p≤0.05) and maximal rate of torque development (MRTD) was significantly lower in LCRs compared to HCRs from 2 min 30 s onwards (p≤0.05). CONCLUSION. We observed that LCRs are more sensitive to fatigue and have slower metabolic recovery compared to HCRs after maximal muscle contractions. These new findings are associated with reduced running capacity and with previously found lower mitochondrial content, increased body mass and higher complex disease risk of LCRs.
Globaali kysyntä vesivarojen hallintaan, veden käyttöön, puhdistamiseen ja kierrätykseen liittyville ratkaisuille kasvaa nopeasti. Kasvavasta globaalista markkinasta ja vahvasta osaamispohjastaan huolimatta Suomi on menettänyt asemiaan vesiosaamisen markkinoilla. Kehityksen kääntämiseksi tarvitaan vahva yhteinen strateginen näkemys ja tahtotila vesiosaamisen kehittämisen ja kansainvälistymisen vauhdittamiseksi sekä asetettaviin tavoitteisiin mitoitetut resurssit. Tämä selvitys tunnistaa selkeitä pullonkauloja ja ehdottaa joukon konkreettisia toimenpiteitä lisätä suomalaisen vesiosaamisen kilpailukykyä hyödyntäen julkisia innovatiivisia hankintoja nykyistä paremmin (5 suositusta) sekä valjastaen rahoitusalan toimijoita investoimaan laajempaa vaikuttavuutta (esim. terveys-, turvallisuus-, työllisyys-, ilmasto- ja ympäristöhyötyjä) tarjoaviin vesiratkaisuihin (3 suositusta). Selvitys myös tunnistaa, että erilaisten kumppanuusmallien tehokkaampi hyödyntäminen (3 suositusta) voi varmistaa, että suomalaisen vesiosaamisen keskeinen kilpailukykytekijä – yksityisen, julkisen ja kolmannen sektorin saumaton yhteistyö – saadaan täysimääräisesti käyttöön. Selvityksen kohdennettuun tarkasteluun valitut kaksi esimerkkihanketta EcoSairila ja Kiinan patoturvallisuushanke sekä niiden pohjalta laaditut uudet toimintamallit (”Vesihuolto-osaamisen kansainvälistymispolku” ja ”Patoturvallisuuden ja vedenlaadun kansainvälistymispolku”) ovat tukeneet selvitysten tulosten validointia ja tarjoavat mahdollisen tiekartan suositusten välittömälle pilotoinnille