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Objectives: We tested unique contribution of trait self‐control, implicit self‐control, and lay beliefs in self‐control beliefs to the prediction of health‐related behaviours. We also tested whether relations between trait self‐control and health‐related behaviour, and between implicit self‐control and health‐related behaviours, were moderated by self‐control beliefs. Design: Cross‐sectional, correlational. Methods: Students (N = 176) completed self‐report measures of trait self‐control, lay beliefs that self‐control is limited or non‐limited, non‐planning, participation in health‐related behaviours (impulsive eating, impulsive drinking, exercise avoidance, watching diet, alcohol consumption, physical activity participation), and demographic variables. Participants also completed a measure of implicit self‐control using an implicit association test. Results: Analyses indicated significant negative relations between implicit self‐control and impulsive drinking and alcohol consumption. We also found a positive relationship between implicit self‐control and exercise behaviour, and a negative relationship between implicit self‐control and impulsive eating, both of which fell marginally short of statistical significance. Trait self‐control significantly predicted all behavioural measures and attenuated relations between implicit self‐control and health‐related behaviour. We found no relations between lay beliefs in self‐control and health‐related behaviour. Moderated path analyses revealed that lay beliefs in self‐control moderated relations between trait self‐control and impulsive drinking, implicit self‐control and exercise avoidance, and implicit self‐control and physical activity participation. Conclusions: Findings suggest that trait self‐control was a consistent correlate of health‐related behaviour, while the effect sizes of relationships between implicit self‐control and health‐related behaviours were small. Strength of relations between trait self‐control and health‐related behaviours may depend on whether or not individuals believe self‐control is limited.
While the relatively infamous Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) fisheries have recovered in some areas, the cod fishery in the Firth of Clyde on the west coast of Scotland remains depleted. The role of juvenile fish survival in determining the future cohort sizes is important, yet the key habitats for juvenile marine fishes in the U.K. have received little attention. Many juvenile fish inhabit shallow coastal areas, where the monitoring of fish is not possible using fisheries dependent methods. Here, we conducted 31 stereo-video scuba transects during daylight hours from June to September 2013 within a proposed marine protected area (MPA) in the Firth of Clyde. More juvenile Atlantic cod Gadus morhua of fork length (LF) range 6–11 cm were observed in substrata containing mixed gravel, including maerl, than in boulder-cobble substrata with high algal cover, or sand with low density seagrass. Community composition was significantly different between substratum types. A decrease in G. morhua abundance was observed over the period of data collection. Over time, mean and variance in G. morhua LF increased, indicating multiple recruitment events. Protecting mixed gravel substrata could be a beneficial management measure to support the survival and recruitment of juvenile G. morhua; other substrata might be important at night given their diel migratory behaviour. Stereo-video cameras provide a useful non-destructive fisheries-independent method to monitor species abundance and length measurements.