Kaikki aineistot
Lisää
This master's thesis handles strategic KPI-metrics for the target company's new business area and how they are derived through strategy analysis and strategic management. The goal has been to find a strategic KPI instrument cluster for the new business area of the target company, thereby ensuring and improving the viability and growth of the business area. Master's thesis is mainly a qualitative study consisting of a theoretical part, empirical sections, strategic analysis and the business plan derived from it. The business plan has been derived from the KPI-metrics for strategic management needs. At the end of the study, the target company's KPI-metrics will be driven from the previous two years and the development of the business area will be assessed from a strategic point of view.
Rakenteiden kosteudella on huomattava vaikutus rakennusprosesseihin ja sisäilman laatuun. Tämä diplomityö on osa projektia, joka pyrkii kehittämään ei-invasiivisen menetelmän rakenteiden kosteuden mittaamiseen käyttäen passiivisia antureita ja erillistä lukulaitetta. Tämän tutkimuksen tarkoituksena on kehittää menetelmä anturien LC-resonanssipiirien hyvyysluvun määrittämiseen ja rakentaa prototyyppi lukulaitteesta. Lukuprosessi perustuu induktiiviseen kytkeytymiseen anturin ja lukulaitteen antennin välillä. Mittaus tehdään määrittämällä anturien taajuusvaste taajuuspyyhkäisyn avulla. Tilanteen mukainen kosteuslukema lasketaan vasteesta ja esitetään käyttäjälle näytöllä. Laitteen toimintaa ohjaa C-ohjelma. Kehitystyö johti toimivaan lukulaitteen prototyyppiin. Laitteessa on intuitiivinen käyttöliittymä ja minimaalinen virrankulutus. Suurin lukuetäisyys kehitetyille antureille on noin 6 cm. Laitetta voidaan käyttää betonin suhteellisen kosteuden määrittämiseen yhden prosenttiyksikön tarkkuudella. Kehitetty lukulaite todistaa mittauskonseptin toimivuuden. Kehitetty prototyyppi toimii myös pohjana kaupallisen lukulaitteen kehitykselle.
Excess moisture in building structures may damage the structures and provide suitable conditions for microbe growth. As a consequence, moisture may cause different health effects to the occupants, and lead to costly refurbishments, if the damage is not perceived in time. Currently, there are several work-intensive, destructive methods for verifying suspected moisture problems and for monitoring the drying of concrete structures. However, it has not been previously feasible to monitor moisture routinely, on a regular basis. This thesis introduces new methods for measuring moisture in building structures, and the instrumentation developed for implementing them. First of all, the study defines accurately the current need for new methods, and selects the specific problems to approach. The study then elucidates the physical principles of the novel measurement methods and presents the practical instrumentation. The functionality of the system is then verified in laboratory and field measurements. Finally, some guidelines are presented in how to apply the system to the building industry. The developed measurement system consists of two components: low-cost passive LC circuit sensors and a separate reading device that couples inductively with each sensor. The sensors are assembled in contact with the structure of interest at the time of construction or renovation. The moisture conditions in the structure affect the resonant frequency and quality factor of the sensor. These parameters can be measured with the reading device from outside the structure, whenever needed. As a consequence, moisture conditions inside the structure can be measured without damaging the structure. As an improvement to existing moisture measurement methods, the developed system combines measurement accuracy at an exactly defined location with a fast and non-destructive measurement procedure. In addition to the methods, this thesis presents several, new moisture and temperature sensors, a hand-held device for reading the sensors wirelessly, and preliminary measurement results and experiences from using the system in the construction industry. The research lays a foundation for further research in the moisture measurement application, but also for applying the methods to other application areas, such as the packaging industry. The research has also led to the development of a new commercial product.
The time domain-random walk method was developed further for simulating mass transfer in fracture flows together with matrix diffusion in surrounding porous media. Specifically, a time domain-random walk scheme was developed for numerically approximating solutions of the advection-diffusion equation when the diffusion coefficient exhibits significant spatial variation or even discontinuities. The proposed scheme relies on second-order accurate, central-difference approximations of the advective and diffusive fluxes. The scheme was verified by comparing simulated results against analytical solutions in flow configurations involving a rectangular channel connected on one side with a porous matrix. Simulations with several flow rates, diffusion coefficients, and matrix porosities indicate good agreement between the numerical approximations and analytical solutions.