Abstract

From 1985 to 2016, the prevalence of underweight decreased, and that of obesity and severe obesity increased, in most regions, with significant variation in the magnitude of these changes across regions. We investigated how much change in mean body mass index (BMI) explains changes in the prevalence of underweight, obesity, and severe obesity in different regions using data from 2896 population-based studies with 187 million participants. Changes in the prevalence of underweight and total obesity, and to a lesser extent severe obesity, are largely driven by shifts in the distribution of BMI, with smaller contributions from changes in the shape of the distribution. In East and Southeast Asia and sub-Saharan Africa, the underweight tail of the BMI distribution was left behind as the distribution shifted. There is a need for policies that address all forms of malnutrition by making healthy foods accessible and affordable, while restricting unhealthy foods through fiscal and regulatory restrictions.

NCD Risk Factor Collaboration (NCD-RisC) Iurilli, Maria L. C.1 Zhou, Bin1 Bennett, James E.1 Carrillo-Larco, Rodrigo M.1 Sophiea, Marisa K.1 Rodriguez-Martinez, Andrea1 Bixby, Honor1 Solomon, Bethlehem D.1 Taddei, Cristina1 Danaei, Goodarz2 Di Cesare, Mariachiara3 Stevens, Gretchen A. Riley, Leanne M.4 Savin, Stefan4 Cowan, Melanie J.4 Bovet, Pascal5,6 Damasceno, Albertino7 Chirita-Emandi, Adela8 Hayes, Alison J.9 Ikeda, Nayu10 Jackson, Rod T.11 Khang, Young-Ho12 Laxmaiah, Avula13 Liu, Jing14 Miranda, J. Jaime15 Saidi, Olfa16 Sebert, Sylvain17 Soric, Maroje18 Starc, Gregor19 Gregg, Edward W.1 Abarca-Gomez, Leandra20 Abdeen, Ziad A.21 Abdrakhmanova, Shynar22 Ghaffar, Suhaila Abdul23 Rahim, Hanan F. Abdul24 Abu-Rmeileh, Niveen M.25 Garba, Jamila Abubakar26 Acosta-Cazares, Benjamin27 Adams, Robert J.28 Aekplakorn, Wichai29 Afsana, Kaosar30 Afzal, Shoaib31 Agdeppa, Imelda A.32 Aghazadeh-Attari, Javad33 Aguilar-Salinas, Carlos A.34 Agyemang, Charles35 Ahmad, Mohamad Hasnan23 Ahmad, Noor Ani23 Ahmadi, Ali36 Ahmadi, Naser37 Ahmed, Soheir H.38 Ahrens, Wolfgang39 Aitmurzaeva, Gulmira40 Ajlouni, Kamel41 Al-Hazzaa, Hazzaa M.42 Al-Lahou, Badreya43 Al-Raddadi, Rajaa44 Alarouj, Monira45 AlBuhairan, Fadia46 AlDhukair, Shahla47 Ali, Mohamed M.4 Alkandari, Abdullah45 Alkerwi, Ala’a48,49 Allin, Kristine50 Alvarez-Pedrerol, Mar51 Aly, Eman52 Amarapurkar, Deepak N.53 Amiri, Parisa54 Amougou, Norbert55 Amouyel, Philippe56,57 Andersen, Lars Bo58 Anderssen, Sigmund A.59 Angquist, Lars31 Anjana, Ranjit Mohan60 Ansari-Moghaddam, Alireza61 Aounallah-Skhiri, Hajer62 Araujo, Joana63 Ariansen, Inger64 Aris, Tahir23 Arku, Raphael E.65 Arlappa, Nimmathota13 Aryal, Krishna K.66 Aspelund, Thor67 Assah, Felix K.68 Assuncao, Maria Cecilia F.69 Aung, May Soe70 Auvinen, Juha17 Avdicova, Maria71 Avi, Shina72,73 Azevedo, Ana74 Azimi-Nezhad, Mohsen75 Azizi, Fereidoun76 Azmin, Mehrdad37 Babu, Bontha, V77 Jorgensen, Maja Boksgaard78 Baharudin, Azli23 Bahijri, Suhad44 Baker, Jennifer L.50 Balakrishna, Nagalla13 Bamoshmoosh, Mohamed79 Banach, Maciej80 Bandosz, Piotr81 Banegas, Jose R.82 Baran, Joanna83 Barbagallo, Carlo M.84 Barcelo, Alberto85 Barkat, Amina86 Barros, Aluisio Jd69 Gomes Barros, Mauro Virgilio87 Basit, Abdul88 Bastos, Joao Luiz D.89 Bata, Iqbal90 Batieha, Anwar M.91 Batista, Rosangela L.92 Battakova, Zhamilya22 Batyrbek, Assembekov93 Baur, Louise A.9 Beaglehole, Robert11 Bel-Serrat, Silvia94 Belavendra, Antonisamy95 Ben Romdhane, Habiba16 Benedics, Judith96 Benet, Mikhail97 Bergh, Ingunn Holden64 Berkinbayev, Salim98 Bernabe-Ortiz, Antonio15 Bernotiene, Gailute99 Bettiol, Heloisa100,101 Bezerra, Jorge87 Bhagyalaxmi, Aroor102 Bharadwaj, Sumit103 Bhargava, Santosh K.104 Bhutta, Zulfiqar A.105 Bi, Hongsheng106 Bi, Yufang107 Bia, Daniel108 Lele, Elysee Claude Bika109 Bikbov, Mukharram M.110 Bista, Bihungum111 Bjelica, Dusko J.112 Bjerregaard, Peter113 Bjertness, Espen38 Bjertness, Marius B.38 Bjorkelund, Cecilia114 Bloch, Katia, V115 Blokstra, Anneke116 Bo, Simona117 Bobak, Martin118 Boddy, Lynne M.119 Boehm, Bernhard O.120 Boeing, Heiner121 Boggia, Jose G.108 Bogova, Elena122 Boissonnet, Carlos P.123 Bojesen, Stig E.124 Bonaccio, Marialaura125 Bongard, Vanina126 Bonilla-Vargas, Alice20 Bopp, Matthias127 Borghs, Herman128 Braeckevelt, Lien129 Braeckman, Lutgart130 Bragt, Marjolijn C. E.131 Brajkovich, Imperia132 Branca, Francesco4 Breckenkamp, Juergen133 Breda, Joao134 Brenner, Hermann135 Brewster, Lizzy M.35 Brian, Garry R.136 Brinduse, Lacramioara137 Brophy, Sinead138 Bruno, Graziella117 Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. Bas116 Bugge, Anna139 Buoncristiano, Marta134 Burazeri, Genc140 Burns, Con141 Cabrera de Leon, Antonio142 Cacciottolo, Joseph143 Cai, Hui144 Cama, Tilema145 Cameron, Christine146 Camolas, Jose147 Can, Gunay148 Candido, Ana Paula C.149 Canete, Felicia150 Capanzana, Mario, V32 Capkova, Nadezda151 Capuano, Eduardo49 Capuano, Vincenzo49 Cardol, Marloes152 Cardoso, Viviane C.100,101 Carlsson, Axel C.153 Carmuega, Esteban154 Carvalho, Joana155 Casajus, Jose A.156 Casanueva, Felipe F.157 Celikcan, Ertugrul158 Censi, Laura159 Cervantes-Loaiza, Marvin20 Cesar, Juraci A.160 Chamukuttan, Snehalatha161 Chan, Angelique W.162 Chan, Queenie1 Chaturvedi, Himanshu K.163 Chaturvedi, Nish118 Rahim, Norsyamlina Che Abdul23 Chee, Miao Li164 Chen, Chien-Jen165 Chen, Fangfang166 Chen, Huashuai167 Chen, Shuohua168 Chen, Zhengming169 Cheng, Ching-Yu162 Cheraghian, Bahman170 Chetrit, Angela171 Chikova-Iscener, Ekaterina172 Chiolero, Arnaud173 Chiou, Shu-Ti174 Chirlaque, Maria-Dolores175 Cho, Belong12 Christensen, Kaare176 Christofaro, Diego G.177 Chudek, Jerzy178 Cifkova, Renata179 Cilia, Michelle180 Cinteza, Eliza181 Claessens, Frank182 Clarke, Janine183 Clays, Els130 Cohen, Emmanuel184 Concin, Hans185 Confortin, Susana C.92 Cooper, Cyrus186 Coppinger, Tara C.141 Corpeleijn, Eva152 Costanzo, Simona125 Cottel, Dominique187 Cowell, Chris9 Craig, Cora L.146 Crampin, Amelia C.188 Crujeiras, Ana B.189 Csilla, Semanova190 Cucu, Alexandra M.191 Cui, Liufu168 Cureau, Felipe, V192 Czenczek-Lewandowska, Ewelina83 D’Arrigo, Graziella193 D’Orsi, Eleonora89 Dacica, Liliana194 Dal Re Saavedra, Maria Angeles195 Dallongeville, Jean187 Damsgaard, Camilla T.31 Dankner, Rachel171 Dantoft, Thomas M.50 Dasgupta, Parasmani196 Dastgiri, Saeed197 Dauchet, Luc56,57 Davletov, Kairat93 De Backer, Guy130 De Bacquer, Dirk130 de Gaetano, Giovanni125 De Henauw, Stefaan130 de Oliveira, Paula Duarte69 De Ridder, David198 De Ridder, Karin199 de Rooij, Susanne R.200 De Smedt, Delphine130 Deepa, Mohan60 Deev, Alexander D.201 DeGennaro, Vincent, Jr.202 Dehghan, Abbas1 Delisle, Helene203 Delpeuch, Francis204 Demarest, Stefaan199 Dennison, Elaine186 Deren, Katarzyna83 Deschamps, Valerie205 Dhimal, Meghnath111 Di Castelnuovo, Augusto F.206 Dias-da-Costa, Juvenal Soares207 Diaz-Sanchez, Maria Elena208 Diaz, Alejandro209 Dika, Zivka18 Djalalinia, Shirin210 Djordjic, Visnja211 Do, Ha T. P.212 Dobson, Annette J.213 Donati, Maria Benedetta125 Donfrancesco, Chiara214 Donoso, Silvana P.215 Doring, Angela216 Dorobantu, Maria181 Dorosty, Ahmad Reza217 Doua, Kouamelan218 Dragano, Nico219 Drygas, Wojciech220 Duan, Jia Li221 Duante, Charmaine A.32 Duboz, Priscilla222 Duda, Rosemary B.223 Duleva, Vesselka172 Dulskiene, Virginija99 Dumith, Samuel C.160 Dushpanova, Anar224 Dzerve, Vilnis225 Dziankowska-Zaborszczyk, Elzbieta80 Eddie, Ricky226 Eftekhar, Ebrahim227 Egbagbe, Eruke E.228 Eggertsen, Robert114 Eghtesad, Sareh217 Eiben, Gabriele229 Ekelund, Ulf59 El-Khateeb, Mohammad41 El Ati, Jalila230 Eldemire-Shearer, Denise231 Eliasen, Marie50 Elliott, Paul1 Engle-Stone, Reina232 Enguerran, Macia222 Erasmus, Rajiv T.233 Erbel, Raimund234 Erem, Cihangir235 Eriksen, Louise113 Eriksson, Johan G.236 Escobedo-de la Pena, Jorge27 Eslami, Saeid237 Esmaeili, Ali238 Evans, Alun239 Faeh, David127 Fakhretdinova, Albina A.110 Fall, Caroline H.186 Faramarzi, Elnaz240 Farjam, Mojtaba241 Sant’Angelo, Victoria Farrugia180 Farzadfar, Farshad37 Fattahi, Mohammad Reza242 Fawwad, Asher243 Felix-Redondo, Francisco J.244 Ferguson, Trevor S.231 Fernandes, Romulo A.177 Fernandez-Berges, Daniel245 Ferrante, Daniel246 Ferrao, Thomas183 Ferrari, Marika159 Ferrario, Marco M.247 Ferreccio, Catterina248 Ferrer, Eldridge32 Ferrieres, Jean126 Figueiro, Thamara Hubler89 Fijalkowska, Anna249 Fink, Gunther250 Fischer, Krista251 Foo, Leng Huat252 Forsner, Maria253 Fouad, Heba M.52 Francis, Damian K.231 Franco, Maria do Carmo100,101 Frikke-Schmidt, Ruth31 Frontera, Guillermo254 Fuchs, Flavio D.255 Fuchs, Sandra C.192 Fujiati, Isti I.256 Fujita, Yuki257 Fumihiko, Matsuda258 Furusawa, Takuro258 Gaciong, Zbigniew259 Gafencu, Mihai8 Galbarczyk, Andrzej260 Galenkamp, Henrike35 Galeone, Daniela261 Galfo, Myriam159 Galvano, Fabio262 Gao, Jingli168 Garcia-de-la-Hera, Manoli263 Garcia-Solano, Marta195 Gareta, Dickman264 Garnett, Sarah P.9 Gaspoz, Jean-Michel265 Gasull, Magda266 Araujo Gaya, Adroaldo Cesar192 Gaya, Anelise Reis192 Gazzinelli, Andrea267 Gehring, Ulrike268 Geiger, Harald185 Geleijnse, Johanna M.269 Ghanbari, Ali37 Ghasemi, Erfan37 Gheorghe-Fronea, Oana-Florentina181 Giampaoli, Simona214 Gianfagna, Francesco247 Gill, Tiffany K.270 Giovannelli, Jonathan56,57 Gironella, Glen32 Giwercman, Aleksander271 Gkiouras, Konstantinos272 Godos, Justyna262 Gogen, Sibel158 Goldberg, Marcel273 Goldsmith, Rebecca A.274 Goltzman, David275 Gomez, Santiago F.276 Gomula, Aleksandra277 Cordeiro da Silva, Bruna Goncalves69 Goncalves, Helen69 Gonzalez-Chica, David A.270 Gonzalez-Gross, Marcela278 Gonzalez-Leon, Margot27 Gonzalez-Rivas, Juan P.279 Gonzalez-Villalpando, Clicerio280 Gonzalez-Villalpando, Maria-Elena281 Gonzalez, Angel R.282 Gottrand, Frederic56,57 Graca, Antonio Pedro283 Graff-Iversen, Sidsel64 Grafnetter, Dusan284 Grajda, Aneta285 Grammatikopoulou, Maria G.272 Gregor, Ronald D.90 Grodzicki, Tomasz260 Groholt, Else Karin64 Grontved, Anders176 Grosso, Giuseppe262 Gruden, Gabriella117 Gu, Dongfeng286 Gualdi-Russo, Emanuela287 Guallar-Castillon, Pilar82 Gualtieri, Andrea288 Gudmundsson, Elias F.289 Gudnason, Vilmundur67 Guerrero, Ramiro290 Guessous, Idris198 Guimaraes, Andre L.291 Gulliford, Martin C.292 Gunnlaugsdottir, Johanna289 Gunter, Marc J.293 Guo, Xiu-Hua294 Guo, Yin295 Gupta, Prakash C.296 Gupta, Rajeev297 Gureje, Oye298 Gurzkowska, Beata285 Gutierrez-Gonzalez, Enrique195 Gutierrez, Laura299 Gutzwiller, Felix127 Ha, Seongjun300 Hadaegh, Farzad301 Hadjigeorgiou, Charalambos A.302 Haghshenas, Rosa37 Hakimi, Hamid238 Halkjaer, Jytte303 Hambleton, Ian R.304 Hamzeh, Behrooz305 Hange, Dominique114 Hanif, Abu A. M.30 Hantunen, Sari306 Hao, Jie307 Kumar, Rachakulla Hari13 Hashemi-Shahri, Seyed Mohammad61 Hassapidou, Maria308 Hata, Jun309 Haugsgjerd, Teresa310 He, Jiang311 He, Yuan312 He, Yuna313 Heidinger-Felso, Regina314 Heinen, Mirjam94 Hejgaard, Tatjana315 Hendriks, Marleen Elisabeth316 Henrique, Rafael dos Santos317 Henriques, Ana63 Hernandez Cadena, Leticia280 Herrala, Sauli318 Herrera, Victor M.319 Herter-Aeberli, Isabelle320 Heshmat, Ramin321 Hill, Allan G.186 Ho, Sai Yin322 Ho, Suzanne C.323 Hobbs, Michael48,324 Holdsworth, Michelle204 Homayounfar, Reza241 Homs, Clara276 Hopman, Wilma M.325 Horimoto, Andrea R. V. R.100,101 Hormiga, Claudia M.326 Horta, Bernardo L.69 Houti, Leila327 Howitt, Christina304 Thein Thein Htay328 Htet, Aung Soe329 Htike, Maung Maung Than329 Hu, Yonghua330 Huerta, Jose Maria175 Huhtaniemi, Ilpo Tapani1 Huiart, Laetitia Petrescu, Constanta Huidumac331 Huisman, Martijn332 Husseini, Abdullatif25 Huu, Chinh Nguyen43,333 Huybrechts, Inge293 Hwalla, Nahla Hyska, Jolanda140 Iacoviello, Licia125 Ibarluzea, Jesus M.334 Ibrahim, Mohsen M.335 Wong, Norazizah Ibrahim23 Ikram, M. Arfan336 Iotova, Violeta337 Irazola, Vilma E.299 Ishida, Takafumi338 Islam, Muhammad105 Islam, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful339 Iwasaki, Masanori340 Jacobs, Jeremy M.341 Jaddou, Hashem Y.91 Jafar, Tazeen162 James, Kenneth231 Jamil, Kazi M. Jamrozik, Konrad270 Janszky, Imre342 Janus, Edward343 Jarani, Juel344 Jarvelin, Marjo-Riitta1 Jasienska, Grazyna260 Jelakovic, Ana345 Jelakovic, Bojan346 Jennings, Garry347 Jha, Anjani Kumar111 Jiang, Chao Qiang348 Jimenez, Ramon O.349 Jockel, Karl-Heinz234 Joffres, Michel350 Johansson, Mattias293 Jokelainen, Jari J.318 Jonas, Jost B.351 Jonnagaddala, Jitendra352 Jorgensen, Torben50 Joshi, Pradeep353 Joukar, Farahnaz354 Jovic, Dragana P.355 Jozwiak, Jacek J.356 Juolevi, Anne357 Jurak, Gregor19 Simina, Iulia Jurca8 Juresa, Vesna18 Kaaks, Rudolf135 Kaducu, Felix O.358 Kafatos, Anthony359 Kajantie, Eero O.357 Kalmatayeva, Zhanna93 Kalter-Leibovici, Ofra171 Kameli, Yves204 Kampmann, Freja B.50 Kanala, Kodanda R.360 Kannan, Srinivasan361 Kapantais, Efthymios362 Karakosta, Argyro363 Karhus, Line L.50 Karki, Khem B.364 Katibeh, Marzieh365 Katz, Joanne366 Katzmarzyk, Peter T.367 Kauhanen, Jussi306 Kaur, Prabhdeep368 Kavousi, Maryam336 Kazakbaeva, Gyulli M.110 Keil, Ulrich369 Boker, Lital Keinan370 Keinanen-Kiukaanniemi, Sirkka318 Kelishadi, Roya371 Kelleher, Cecily94 Kemper, Han C. G.372 Kengne, Andre P.373 Keramati, Maryam237 Kerimkulova, Alina374 Kersting, Mathilde375 Key, Timothy169 Khader, Yousef Saleh91 Khalili, Davood376 Khaw, Kay-Tee377 Kheiri, Bahareh376 Kheradmand, Motahareh378 Khosravi, Alireza379 Khouw, Ilse M. S. L.131 Kiechl-Kohlendorfer, Ursula380 Kiechl, Stefan380 Killewo, Japhet381 Kim, Dong Wook300 Kim, Hyeon Chang382 Kim, Jeongseon383 Kindblom, Jenny M.114 Klakk, Heidi384 Klimek, Magdalena260 Klimont, Jeannette385 Klumbiene, Jurate99 Knoflach, Michael380 Koirala, Bhawesh386 Kolle, Elin59 Kolsteren, Patrick130 Konig, Jurgen387 Korpelainen, Raija17 Korrovits, Paul388 Korzycka, Magdalena249 Kos, Jelena345 Koskinen, Seppo357 Kouda, Katsuyasu389 Kovacs, Viktoria A.390 Kowlessur, Sudhir391 Koziel, Slawomir277 Kratenova, Jana151 Kratzer, Wolfgang392 Kriemler, Susi127 Kristensen, Peter Lund176 Krokstad, Steiner342 Kromhout, Daan152 Kruger, Herculina S.393 Kubinova, Ruzena151 Kuciene, Renata99 Kujala, Urho M.394 Kujundzic, Enisa395 Kulaga, Zbigniew285 Kumar, R. Krishna396 Kunesova, Marie397 Kurjata, Pawel220 Kusuma, Yadlapalli S.398 Kuulasmaa, Kari357 Kyobutungi, Catherine399 Quang Ngoc La400 Laamiri, Fatima Zahra401 Laatikainen, Tiina357 Lachat, Carl130 Laid, Youcef402 Lam, Tai Hing322 Lambrinou, Christina-Paulina403 Landais, Edwige204 Lanska, Vera284 Lappas, Georg404 Larijani, Bagher405 Latt, Tint Swe406 Lauria, Laura214 Lazo-Porras, Maria15 Le Coroller, Gwenaelle48 Khanh Le Nguyen Bao Le Port, Agnes407 Le, Tuyen D. Lee, Jeannette408 Lee, Jeonghee383 Lee, Paul H.409 Lehmann, Nils234 Lehtimaki, Terho410 Lemogoum, Daniel411 Levitt, Naomi S.412 Li, Yanping2 Liivak, Merike413 Lilly, Christa L.414 Lim, Wei-Yen408 Lima-Costa, M. Fernanda415 Lin, Hsien-Ho416 Lin, Xu417 Lin, Yi-Ting418 Lind, Lars418 Linneberg, Allan50 Lissner, Lauren114 Litwin, Mieczyslaw285 Liu, Lijuan295 Lo, Wei-Cheng419 Loit, Helle-Mai413 Khuong Quynh Long400 Lopes, Luis155 Lopes, Oscar420 Lopez-Garcia, Esther82 Lopez, Tania421 Lotufo, Paulo A.100,101 Eugenio Lozano, Jose422 Lukrafka, Janice L.423 Luksiene, Dalia99 Lundqvist, Annamari357 Lundqvist, Robert424 Lunet, Nuno155 Lunogelo, Charles425 Lustigova, Michala179 Luszczki, Edyta83 Ma, Guansheng330 Ma, Jun330 Ma, Xu312 Machado-Coelho, George L. L.426 Machado-Rodrigues, Aristides M.427 Macieira, Luisa M.428 Madar, Ahmed A.38 Maggi, Stefania429 Magliano, Dianna J.430 Magnacca, Sara206 Magriplis, Emmanuella431 Mahasampath, Gowri95 Maire, Bernard204 Majer, Marjeta18 Makdisse, Marcia432 Maki, Paivi357 Malekzadeh, Fatemeh217 Malekzadeh, Reza217 Malhotra, Rahul162 Rao, Kodavanti Mallikharjuna13 Malyutina, Sofia K.433 Maniego, Lynell, V32 Manios, Yannis403 Mann, Jim, I434 Mansour-Ghanaei, Fariborz354 Manzato, Enzo435 Margozzini, Paula248 Markaki, Anastasia436 Markey, Oonagh437 Ioannidou, Eliza Markidou438 Marques-Vidal, Pedro439 Marques, Larissa Pruner440 Marrugat, Jaume441 Martin-Prevel, Yves204 Martin, Rosemarie442 Martorell, Reynaldo443 Martos, Eva444 Maruszczak, Katharina445 Marventano, Stefano262 Mascarenhas, Luis P.446 Masoodi, Shariq R.447 Mathiesen, Ellisiv B.448 Mathur, Prashant449 Matijasevich, Alicia100,101 Matsha, Tandi E.450 Mavrogianni, Christina403 Mazur, Artur83 Mbanya, Jean Claude N.68 McFarlane, Shelly R.231 McGarvey, Stephen T.451 McKee, Martin452 McLachlan, Stela453 McLean, Rachael M.434 McLean, Scott B.183 McNulty, Breige A.94 Benchekor, Sounnia Mediene327 Medzioniene, Jurate99 Mehdipour, Parinaz37 Mehlig, Kirsten114 Mehrparvar, Amir Houshang454 Meirhaeghe, Aline455 Meisfjord, Jorgen64 Meisinger, Christa216 Menezes, Ana Maria B.69 Menon, Geetha R.163 Mensink, Gert B. M.456 Menzano, Maria Teresa261 Mereke, Alibek93 Meshram, Indrapal I.13 Metspalu, Andres251 Meyer, Haakon E.38 Mi, Jie166 Michaelsen, Kim F.31 Michels, Nathalie130 Mikkel, Kairit251 Milkowska, Karolina260 Miller, Jody C.434 Minderico, Claudia S.457 Mini, G. K.458 Miquel, Juan Francisco248 Mirjalili, Mohammad Reza454 Mirkopoulou, Daphne459 Mirrakhimov, Erkin374 Misigoj-Durakovic, Marjeta18 Mistretta, Antonio262 Mocanu, Veronica460 Modesti, Pietro A.461 Moghaddam, Sahar Saeedi37 Mohajer, Bahram37 Mohamed, Mostafa K.462 Mohamed, Shukri F.399 Mohammad, Kazem217 Mohammadi, Zahra217 Mohammadifard, Noushin463 Mohammadpourhodki, Reza237 Mohan, Viswanathan60 Mohanna, Salim15 Yusoff, Muhammad Fadhli Mohd23 Mohebbi, Iraj33 Mohebi, Farnam37 Moitry, Marie464 Molbo, Drude31 Mollehave, Line T.50 Moller, Niels C.176 Molnar, Denes314 Momenan, Amirabbas376 Mondo, Charles K.465 Monroy-Valle, Michele466 Monterrubio-Flores, Eric280 Monyeki, Kotsedi Daniel K.467 Moon, Jin Soo12 Moosazadeh, Mahmood378 Moreira, Leila B.192 Morejon, Alain468 Moreno, Luis A.156 Morgan, Karen469 Morin, Suzanne N.275 Mortensen, Erik Lykke31 Moschonis, George470 Mossakowska, Malgorzata471 Mostafa, Aya462 Mota-Pinto, Anabela427 Mota, Jorge155 Motlagh, Mohammad Esmaeel170 Motta, Jorge472 Moura-dos-Santos, Marcos Andre87 Mridha, Malay K.30 Msyamboza, Kelias P.473 Thet Thet Mu474 Muc, Magdalena427 Mugosa, Boban395 Muiesan, Maria L.475 Mukhtorova, Parvina476 Muller-Nurasyid, Martina216 Murphy, Neil293 Mursu, Jaakko306 Murtagh, Elaine M.477 Musa, Kamarul Imran252 Milanovic, Sanja Music478 Musil, Vera18 Mustafa, Norlaila479 Nabipour, Iraj480 Naderimagham, Shohreh37 Nagel, Gabriele481 Naidu, Balkish M.482 Najafi, Farid305 Nakamura, Harunobu483 Namesna, Jana71 Nang, Ei Ei K.408 Nangia, Vinay B.484 Nankap, Martin485 Narake, Sameer296 Nardone, Paola214 Nauck, Matthias486 Neal, William A.414 Nejatizadeh, Azim227 Nekkantti, Chandini352 Nelis, Keiu413 Nelis, Liis413 Nenko, Ilona260 Neovius, Martin487 Nervi, Flavio248 Nguyen, Chung T.488 Nguyen, Nguyen D.489 Quang Ngoc Nguyen490 Nieto-Martinez, Ramfis E.491 Nikitin, Yury P.433 Ning, Guang107 Ninomiya, Toshiharu309 Nishtar, Sania492 Noale, Marianna429 Noboa, Oscar A.108 Nogueira, Helena427 Norat, Teresa1 Nordendahl, Maria253 Nordestgaard, Borge G.124 Noto, Davide84 Nowak-Szczepanska, Natalia277 Al Nsour, Mohannad493 Nuhoglu, Irfan235 Nurk, Eha413 O’Neill, Terence W.494 O’Reilly, Dermot239 Obreja, Galina495 Ochimana, Caleb2 Ochoa-Aviles, Angelica M.215 Oda, Eiji496 Oh, Kyungwon497 Ohara, Kumiko257 Ohlsson, Claes114 Ohtsuka, Ryutaro498 Olafsson, Orn289 Olinto, Maria Teresa A.207 Oliveira, Isabel O.69 Omar, Mohd Azahadi23 Onat, Altan499 Ong, Sok King500 Ono, Lariane M.501 Ordunez, Pedro85 Ornelas, Rui502 Ortiz, Ana P.503 Ortiz, Pedro J.15 Osler, Merete504 Osmond, Clive505 Ostojic, Sergej M.211 Ostovar, Afshin217 Otero, Johanna A.326 Overvad, Kim365 Owusu-Dabo, Ellis506 Paccaud, Fred Michel507 Padez, Cristina427 Pagkalos, Ioannis308 Pahomova, Elena225 de Paiva, Karina Mary89 Pajak, Andrzej260 Palli, Domenico508 Palloni, Alberto509 Palmieri, Luigi214 Pan, Wen-Harn165 Panda-Jonas, Songhomitra510 Pandey, Arvind163 Panza, Francesco511 Papandreou, Dimitrios512 Park, Soon-Woo513 Park, Suyeon497 Parnell, Winsome R.434 Parsaeian, Mahboubeh217 Pascanu, Ionela M.514 Pasquet, Patrick55 Patel, Nikhil D.515 Pecin, Ivan345 Pednekar, Mangesh S.296 Peer, Nasheeta516 Pei, Gao330 Peixoto, Sergio Viana415 Peltonen, Markku357 Pereira, Alexandre C.100,101 Peres, Marco A.517 Perez-Farinos, Napoleon518 Perez, Cynthia M.503 Peterkova, Valentina122 Peters, Annette216 Petersmann, Astrid486 Petkeviciene, Janina99 Petrauskiene, Ausra99 Pettenuzzo, Emanuela519 Peykari, Niloofar210 Pham, Son Thai520 Pichardo, Rafael N.521 Pierannunzio, Daniela214 Pigeot, Iris522 Pikhart, Hynek118 Pilav, Aida523 Pilotto, Lorenza524 Pistelli, Francesco525 Pitakaka, Freda526 Piwonska, Aleksandra220 Pizarro, Andreia N.155 Plans-Rubio, Pedro527 Poh, Bee Koon479 Pohlabeln, Hermann522 Pop, Raluca M.514 Popovic, Stevo R.112 Porta, Miquel528 Posch, Georg185 Poudyal, Anil111 Poulimeneas, Dimitrios308 Pouraram, Hamed217 Pourfarzi, Farhad529 Pourshams, Akram217 Poustchi, Hossein217 Pradeepa, Rajendra60 Price, Alison J.452 Price, Jacqueline F.453 Providencia, Rui118 Puder, Jardena J.439 Pudule, Iveta530 Puhakka, Soile E.17 Puiu, Maria8 Punab, Margus388 Qasrawi, Radwan F.21 Qorbani, Mostafa531 Tran Quoc Bao532 Radic, Ivana211 Radisauskas, Ricardas99 Rahimikazerooni, Salar242 Rahman, Mahfuzar533 Rahman, Mahmudur534 Raitakari, Olli535,536 Raj, Manu396 Rakhimova, Ellina110 Rakhmatulloev, Sherali476 Rakovac, Ivo134 Rao, Sudha Ramachandra368 Ramachandran, Ambady161 Ramke, Jacqueline11 Ramos, Elisabete74 Ramos, Rafel537 Rampal, Lekhraj538 Rampal, Sanjay539 Rarra, Vayia540 Rascon-Pacheco, Ramon A.27 Rasmussen, Mette176 Rech, Cassiano Ricardo89 Redon, Josep541 Reganit, Paul Ferdinand M.542 Regecova, Valeria543 Revilla, Luis421 Rezaianzadeh, Abbas242 Ribas-Barba, Lourdes544 Ribeiro, Robespierre545 Riboli, Elio1 Richter, Adrian486 Rigo, Fernando546 Rinaldo, Natascia287 de Wit, Tobias F. Rinke547 Rito, Ana548 Ritti-Dias, Raphael M.549 Rivera, Juan A.280 Robitaille, Cynthia550 Roccaldo, Romana159 Rodrigues, Daniela427 Rodriguez-Artalejo, Fernando82 Rodriguez-Perez, Maria Del Cristo551 Rodriguez-Villamizar, Laura A.552 Roggenbuck, Ulla234 Rojas-Martinez, Rosalba280 Rojroongwasinkul, Nipa29 Romaguera, Dora189 Romeo, Elisabetta L.553 Rosario, Rafaela, V554 Rosengren, Annika114 Rouse, Ian555 Roy, Joel G. 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Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary. 191Univ Med & Pharm Carol Davila, Bucharest, Romania. 192Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. 193CNR, Reggio Di Calabria, Italy. 194Eftimie Murgu Univ Resita, Resita, Romania. 195Spanish Agcy Food Safety & Nutr, Madrid, Spain. 196Indian Stat Inst, Kolkata, India. 197Tabriz Hlth Serv Management Res Ctr, Tabriz, Iran. 198Geneva Univ Hosp, Geneva, Switzerland. 199Sciensano, Brussels, Belgium. 200Univ Med Ctr Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands. 201Natl Res Ctr Prevent Med, Moscow, Russia. 202Innovating Hlth Int, Port Au Prince, Haiti. 203Univ Montreal, Montreal, PQ, Canada. 204French Natl Res Inst Sustainable Dev, Montpellier, France. 205French Publ Hlth Agcy, St Maurice, France. 206Mediterranea Cardioctr, Naples, Italy. 207Univ Vale Rio dos Sinos, Sao Leopoldo, Brazil. 208Natl Inst Hyg Epidemiol & Microbiol, Havana, Cuba. 209Natl Council Sci & Tech Res, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. 210Minist Hlth & Med Educ, Tehran, Iran. 211Univ Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia. 212Natl Inst Nutr, Hanoi, Vietnam. 213Univ Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, Australia. 214Ist Super Sanita, Rome, Italy. 215Univ Cuenca, Cuenca, Ecuador. 216Helmholtz Zentrum Munchen, Munich, Germany. 217Univ Tehran Med Sci, Tehran, Iran. 218Minist Sante & Hyg Publ, Abidjan, Cote Ivoire. 219Univ Hosp Dusseldorf, Dusseldorf, Germany. 220Natl Inst Cardiol, Warsaw, Poland. 221Beijing Ctr Dis Prevent & Control, Beijing, Peoples R China. 222UMI 3189 ESS, Marseille, France. 223Beth Israel Deaconess Med Ctr, Boston, MA 02215 USA. 224Scuola Super Sant Anna, Pisa, Italy. 225Univ Latvia, Riga, Latvia. 226Minist Hlth & Med Serv, Gizo, Solomon Islands. 227Hormozgan Univ Med Sci, Bandar Abbas, Iran. 228Univ Benin, Benin, Nigeria. 229Univ Skovde, Skovde, Sweden. 230Natl Inst Nutr & Food Technol, Tunis, Tunisia. 231Univ West Indies, Kingston, Jamaica. 232Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. 233Univ Stellenbosch, Cape Town, South Africa. 234Univ Duisburg Essen, Duisburg, Germany. 235Karadeniz Tech Univ, Trabzon, Turkey. 236Univ Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland. 237Mashhad Univ Med Sci, Mashhad, Razavi Khorasan, Iran. 238Rafsanjan Univ Med Sci, Rafsanjan, Iran. 239Queens Univ Belfast, Belfast, Antrim, North Ireland. 240Tabriz Univ Med Sci, Tabriz, Iran. 241Fasa Univ Med Sci, Fasa, Iran. 242Shiraz Univ Med Sci, Shiraz, Iran. 243Baqai Med Univ, Karachi, Pakistan. 244Ctr Salud Villanueva Norte, Badajoz, Spain. 245Hosp Don Benito Villanueva Serena, Badajoz, Spain. 246Minist Hlth, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. 247Univ Insubria, Varese, Italy. 248Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Santiago, Chile. 249Inst Mother & Child Hlth, Warsaw, Poland. 250Swiss Trop & Publ Hlth Inst, Basel, Switzerland. 251Univ Tartu, Tartu, Estonia. 252Univ Sains Malaysia, Kota Baharu, Kelantan, Malaysia. 253Umea Univ, Umea, Sweden. 254Hosp Univ Son Espases, Palma De Mallorca, Spain. 255Hosp Clin Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. 256Univ Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia. 257Kindai Univ, Osaka, Japan. 258Kyoto Univ, Kyoto, Japan. 259Med Univ Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland. 260Jagiellonian Univ, Med Coll, Krakow, Poland. 261Minist Salute DG Prevenz Sanit, Rome, Italy. 262Univ Catania, Catania, Italy. 263CIBER Epidemiol & Salud Publ, Alicante, Spain. 264Africa Hlth Res Inst, Mtubatuba, South Africa. 265Univ Geneva, Med Sch, Geneva, Switzerland. 266CIBER Epidemiol & Salud Publ, Barcelona, Spain. 267Univ Fed Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. 268Univ Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands. 269Wageningen Univ, Wageningen, Netherlands. 270Univ Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia. 271Lund Univ, Lund, Sweden. 272Aristotle Univ Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece. 273Inst Natl Sante & Rech Med, Villejuif, France. 274Minist Hlth, Jerusalem, Israel. 275McGill Univ, Montreal, PQ, Canada. 276Gasol Fdn, Barcelona, Spain. 277PASs Hirszfeld Inst Immunol & Expt Therapy, Wroclaw, Poland. 278Univ Politecn Madrid, Madrid, Spain. 279St Annes Univ Hosp, Brno, Czech Republic. 280Natl Inst Publ Hlth, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico. 281Ctr Estudios Diabet AC, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. 282Univ Autonoma Santo Domingo, Santo Domingo, Dominican Rep. 283Minist Hlth, Lisbon, Portugal. 284Inst Clin & Expt Med, Prague, Czech Republic. 285Childrens Mem Hlth Inst, Warsaw, Poland. 286Natl Ctr Cardiovasc Dis, Beijing, Peoples R China. 287Univ Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy. 288Author Sanitaria San Marino, San Marino, CA USA. 289Iceland Heart Assoc, Kopavogur, Iceland. 290Univ Icesi, Cali, Colombia. 291Univ Estadual Montes Claros, Montes Claros, MG, Brazil. 292Kings Coll London, London, England. 293Int Agcy Res Canc, Lyon, France. 294Capital Med Univ, Beijing, Peoples R China. 295Capital Med Univ, Beijing Tongren Hosp, Beijing, Peoples R China. 296Healis Sekhsaria Inst Publ Hlth, Navi Mumbai, India. 297Eternal Heart Care Ctr & Res Inst, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India. 298Univ Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria. 299Inst Clin Effectiveness & Hlth Policy, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. 300Natl Hlth Insurance Serv, Wonju, South Korea. 301Prevent Metab Disorders Res Ctr, Tehran, Iran. 302Res & Educ Inst Child Hlth, Nicosia, Cyprus. 303Danish Canc Soc Res Ctr, Copenhagen, Denmark. 304Univ West Indies, Cave Hill, Barbados. 305Kermanshah Univ Med Sci, Kermanshah, Iran. 306Univ Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland. 307Beijing Inst Ophthalmol, Beijing, Peoples R China. 308Int Hellen Univ, Thessaloniki, Greece. 309Kyushu Univ, Fukuoka, Japan. 310Univ Bergen, Bergen, Norway. 311Tulane Univ, New Orleans, LA USA. 312Natl Res Inst Hlth & Family Planning, Beijing, Peoples R China. 313Chinese Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Beijing, Peoples R China. 314Univ Pecs, Pecs, Hungary. 315Danish Hlth Author, Copenhagen, Denmark. 316Joep Lange Inst, Amsterdam, Netherlands. 317Univ Fed Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil. 318Oulu Univ Hosp, Oulu, Finland. 319Univ Autonoma Bucaramanga, Bucaramanga, Colombia. 320Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Zurich, Switzerland. 321Chron Dis Res Ctr, Tehran, Iran. 322Univ Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. 323Chinese Univ Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. 324Univ Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia. 325Kingston Hlth Sci Ctr, Kingston, ON, Canada. 326Fdn Oftalmol Santander, Bucaramanga, Colombia. 327Univ Oran 1, Oran, Algeria. 328Nay Pyi Taw, Independent Publ Hlth Specialist, Nay Pyi Taw, Myanmar. 329Minist Hlth & Sports, Nay Pyi Taw, Myanmar. 330Peking Univ, Beijing, Peoples R China. 331Natl Inst Publ Hlth, Bucharest, Romania. 332Vrije Univ Amsterdam Med Ctr, Amsterdam, Netherlands. 333Amer Univ Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon. 334CIBER Epidemiol & Salud Publ, San Sebastian, Spain. 335Cairo Univ, Cairo, Egypt. 336Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands. 337Med Univ Varna, Varna, Bulgaria. 338Univ Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. 339Deakin Univ, Geelong, Vic, Australia. 340Tokyo Metropolitan Inst Gerontol, Tokyo, Japan. 341Hadassah Univ Med Ctr, Jerusalem, Israel. 342Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol, Trondheim, Norway. 343Univ Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. 344Sports Univ Tirana, Tirana, Albania. 345Univ Hosp Ctr Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia. 346Univ Zagreb, Sch Med, Zagreb, Croatia. 347Heart Fdn, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. 348Guangzhou 12th Hosp, Guangzhou, Peoples R China. 349Univ Eugenio Maria Hostos, Santo Domingo, Dominican Rep. 350Simon Fraser Univ, Burnaby, BC, Canada. 351Inst Mol & Clin Ophthalmol Basel, Basel, Switzerland. 352Univ New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia. 353World Hlth Org Country Off, Delhi, India. 354Guilan Univ Med Sci, Rasht, Iran. 355Inst Publ Hlth, Belgrade, Serbia. 356Univ Opole, Opole, Poland. 357Finnish Inst Hlth & Welf, Helsinki, Finland. 358Gulu Univ, Gulu, Uganda. 359Univ Crete, Iraklion, Greece. 360Sri Venkateswara Univ, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India. 361Sree Chitra Tirunal Inst Med Sci & Technol, Trivandrum, Kerala, India. 362Hellen Med Assoc Obes, Athens, Greece. 363Natl & Kapodistrian Univ Athens, Athens, Greece. 364Maharajgunj Med Campus, Kathmandu, Nepal. 365Aarhus Univ, Aarhus, Denmark. 366Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. 367Pennington Biomed Res Ctr, Baton Rouge, LA USA. 368Natl Inst Epidemiol, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. 369Univ Munster, Munster, Germany. 370Israel Ctr Dis Control, Ramat Gan, Israel. 371Res Inst Primordial Prevent Noncommunicable Dis, Esfahan, Iran. 372Amsterdam UMC Publ Hlth Res Inst, Amsterdam, Netherlands. 373South African Med Res Council, Cape Town, South Africa. 374Kyrgyz State Med Acad, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan. 375Res Inst Child Nutr, Dortmund, Germany. 376Shahid Beheshti Univ Med Sci, Tehran, Iran. 377Univ Cambridge, Cambridge, England. 378Mazandaran Univ Med Sci, Sari, Iran. 379Hypertens Res Ctr, Esfahan, Iran. 380Med Univ Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria. 381Muhimbili Univ Hlth & Allied Sci, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. 382Yonsei Univ, Coll Med, Seoul, South Korea. 383Natl Canc Ctr, Goyang Si, South Korea. 384Univ Coll South Denmark, Haderslev, Denmark. 385Stat Austria, Vienna, Austria. 386BP Koirala Inst Hlth Sci, Dharan, Nepal. 387Univ Vienna, Vienna, Austria. 388Tartu Univ Clin, Tartu, Estonia. 389Kansai Med Univ, Hirakata, Osaka, Japan. 390Hungarian Sch Sport Federat, Budapest, Hungary. 391Minist Hlth & Qual Life, Port Louis, Mauritius. 392Univ Hosp Ulm, Ulm, Germany. 393North West Univ, Potchefstroom, South Africa. 394Univ Jyvaskyla, Jyvaskyla, Finland. 395Inst Publ Hlth, Podgorica, Montenegro. 396Amrita Inst Med Sci, Cochin, Kerala, India. 397Inst Endocrinol, Prague, Czech Republic. 398All India Inst Med Sci, New Delhi, India. 399African Populat & Hlth Res Ctr, Nairobi, Kenya. 400Hanoi Univ Publ Hlth, Hanoi, Vietnam. 401Hassan First Univ Settat, Settat, Morocco. 402Minist Hlth, Algiers, Algeria. 403Harokopio Univ, Athens, Greece. 404Sahlgrens Acad, Gothenburg, Sweden. 405Endocrinol & Metab Res Ctr, Tehran, Iran. 406Univ Publ Hlth, Yangon, Myanmar. 407Int Food Policy Res Inst, Dakar, Senegal. 408Natl Univ Singapore, Singapore, Singapore. 409Hong Kong Polytech Univ, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. 410Tampere Univ Hosp, Tampere, Finland. 411Univ Douala, Douala, Cameroon. 412Univ Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa. 413Natl Inst Hlth Dev, Tallinn, Estonia. 414West Virginia Univ, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. 415Oswaldo Cruz Fdn Rene Rachou Res Inst, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. 416Natl Taiwan Univ, Taipei, Taiwan. 417Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Shanghai, Peoples R China. 418Uppsala Univ, Uppsala, Sweden. 419Taipei Med Univ, Taipei, Taiwan. 420Sports Med Ctr Minho, Braga, Portugal. 421Univ San Martin Porres, Lima, Peru. 422Consejeria Sanidad Junta Castilla & Leon, Valladolid, Spain. 423Univ Fed Ciencias Saude Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. 424Norrbotten Cty Council, Lulea, Sweden. 425Ilembula Lutheran Hosp, Ilembula, Iran. 426Univ Fed Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil. 427Univ Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal. 428Coimbra Univ Hosp Ctr, Coimbra, Portugal. 429Inst Neurosci Natl Res Council, Padua, Italy. 430Baker Heart & Diabet Inst, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. 431Agr Univ Athens, Athens, Greece. 432Hosp Israelita Albert Einstein, Sao Paulo, Brazil. 433SB RAS Fed Res Ctr Inst Cytol & Genet, Novosibirsk, Russia. 434Univ Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand. 435Univ Padua, Padua, Italy. 436Hellen Mediterranean Univ, Siteia, Greece. 437Loughborough Univ, Loughborough, Leics, England. 438Minist Hlth, Nicosia, Cyprus. 439Lausanne Univ Hosp, Lausanne, Switzerland. 440Escola Nacl Saude Publ Sergio Arouca, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. 441CIBERCV, Madrid, Spain. 442Mary Immaculate Coll, Limerick, Ireland. 443Emory Univ, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. 444Hungarian Soc Sports Med, Budapest, Hungary. 445Paracelsus Med Univ, Salzburg, Austria. 446Univ Estadual Centro Oeste, Guarapuava, Brazil. 447Sherikashmir Inst Med Sci, Srinagar, India. 448UiT Arctic Univ Norway, Tromso, Norway. 449ICMR Natl Ctr Dis Informat & Res, Bengaluru, India. 450Cape Peninsula Univ Technol, Cape Town, South Africa. 451Brown Univ, Providence, RI 02912 USA. 452London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, London, England. 453Univ Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland. 454Shahid Sadoughi Univ Med Sci, Tehran, Iran. 455Inst Natl Sante & Rech Med, Lille, France. 456Robert Koch Inst, Berlin, Germany. 457Univ Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal. 458Womens Social & Hlth Studies Fdn, Trivandrum, Kerala, India. 459Democritus Univ, Alexandroupolis, Greece. 460Grigore T Popa Univ Med & Pharm, Iasi, Romania. 461Univ Firenze, Florence, Italy. 462Ain Shams Univ, Cairo, Egypt. 463Isfahan Cardiovasc Res Ctr, Esfahan, Iran. 464Univ Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France. 465Mulago Hosp, Kampala, Uganda. 466Univ San Carlos, Guatemala City, Guatemala. 467Univ Limpopo, Sovenga, South Africa. 468Univ Med Sci Cienfuegos, Cienfuegos, Cuba. 469Royal Coll Surgeons Ireland, Dublin, Ireland. 470Trobe Univ, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. 471Int Inst Mol & Cell Biol, Warsaw, Poland. 472Inst Conmemorat Gorgas Estudios Salud, Panama City, Panama. 473World Hlth Org Country Off, Lilongwe, Malawi. 474Dept Publ Hlth, Nay Pyi Taw, Myanmar. 475Univ Brescia, Brescia, Italy. 476Minist Hlth & Social Protect, Dushanbe, Tajikistan. 477Univ Limerick, Limerick, Ireland. 478Croatian Inst Publ Hlth, Zagreb, Croatia. 479Univ Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. 480Bushehr Univ Med Sci, Bushehr, Iran. 481Ulm Univ, Ulm, Germany. 482Dept Stat, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. 483Kobe Univ, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan. 484Suraj Eye Inst, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India. 485UNICEF, Yaounde, Cameroon. 486Univ Med Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany. 487Karolinska Inst, Stockholm, Sweden. 488Natl Inst Hyg & Epidemiol, Hanoi, Vietnam. 489Univ Med & Pharm Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. 490Hanoi Med Univ, Hanoi, Vietnam. 491LifeDoc Hlth, Memphis, TN USA. 492Heartfile, Islamabad, Pakistan. 493Eastern Mediterranean Publ Hlth Network, Amman, Jordan. 494Univ Manchester, Manchester, Lancs, England. 495State Univ Med & Pharm, Kishinev, Moldova. 496Tachikawa Gen Hosp, Nagaoka, Niigata, Japan. 497Korea Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Cheongju, South Korea. 498Japan Wildlife Res Ctr, Tokyo, Japan. 499Istanbul Univ, Istanbul, Turkey. 500Minist Hlth, Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei. 501Univ Fed Parana, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil. 502Univ Madeira, Funchal, Portugal. 503Univ Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR 00936 USA. 504Ctr Clin Res & Prevent, Glostrup, Denmark. 505MRC Lifecourse Epidemiol Unit, Southampton, Hants, England. 506Kwame Nkrumah Univ Sci & Technol, Kumasi, Ghana. 507UniSante, Lausanne, Switzerland. 508Inst Canc Res, Prevent & Clin Network, Florence, Italy. 509Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI USA. 510Heidelberg Univ, Heidelberg, Germany. 511IRCCS Ente Osped Specializzato Gastroenterol S de, Bari, Italy. 512Zayed Univ, Abu Dhabi, U Arab Emirates. 513Catholic Univ Daegu, Daegu, South Korea. 514Univ Med Pharm Sci & Technol Targu Mures, Targu Mures, Romania. 515Jivandeep Hosp, Anand, Gujarat, India. 516South African Med Res Council, Durban, South Africa. 517Natl Dent Care Ctr Singapore, Singapore, Singapore. 518Univ Malaga, Malaga, Spain. 519Univ Hosp Varese, Varese, Italy. 520Vietnam Natl Heart Inst, Hanoi, Vietnam. 521Clin Med Avanzada Dr Abel Gonzalez, Santo Domingo, Dominican Rep. 522Leibniz Inst Prevent Res & Epidemiol BIPS, Bremen, Germany. 523Univ Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia & Herceg. 524Cardiovasc Prevent Ctr Udine, Udine, Italy. 525Pisa Univ Hosp, Pisa, Italy. 526Minist Hlth & Med Serv, Honiara, Solomon Islands. 527Publ Hlth Agcy Catalonia, Barcelona, Spain. 528Inst Hosp del Mar Invest Med, Barcelona, Spain. 529Ardabil Univ Med Sci, Ardebil, Iran. 530Ctr Dis Prevent & Control, Riga, Latvia. 531Alborz Univ Med Sci, Karaj, Iran. 532Minist Hlth, Hanoi, Vietnam. 533Pure Earth, Dhaka, Bangladesh. 534Inst Epidemiol Dis Control & Res, Dhaka, Bangladesh. 535Univ Turku, Turku, Finland. 536South Karelia Social & Hlth Care Dist, Lappeenranta, Finland. 537Inst Univ Invest Atenc Primaria Jordi Gol, Girona, Spain. 538Univ Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia. 539Univ Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. 540Sotiria Hosp, Athens, Greece. 541Univ Valencia, Valencia, Spain. 542Univ Philippines, Manila, Philippines. 543Slovak Acad Sci, Bratislava, Slovakia. 544Nutr Res Fdn, Barcelona, Spain. 545Minas Gerais State Secretariat Hlth, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. 546CS S Agustin Ibsalut, Palma De Mallorca, Spain. 547Amsterdam Inst Global Hlth & Dev, Amsterdam, Netherlands. 548Natl Inst Hlth Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Lisbon, Portugal. 549Univ Nove Julho, Sao Paulo, Brazil. 550Publ Hlth Agcy Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada. 551Canarian Hlth Serv, Tenerife, Spain. 552Univ Ind Santander, Bucaramanga, Colombia. 553Assoc Calabrese Epatol, Reggio Di Calabria, Italy. 554Univ Minho, Braga, Portugal. 555Fiji Natl Univ, Suva, Fiji. 556Spanish Nutr Fdn, Madrid, Spain. 557Publ Hlth Agcy Sweden, Stockholm, Sweden. 558Inst Food Sci Natl Res Council, Avellino, Italy. 559Sitaram Bhartia Inst Sci & Res, New Delhi, India. 560Kindergarten Avlonari, Evia, Greece. 561Natl Inst Hlth, Lima, Peru. 562Minist Hlth, Jakarta, Indonesia. 563Catalan Dept Hlth, Barcelona, Spain. 564Biodonostia Hlth Res Inst, San Sebastian, Spain. 565Inst Saude Ambiental, Lisbon, Portugal. 566McMaster Univ, Hamilton, ON, Canada. 567Natl Canc Ctr, Tokyo, Japan. 568Univ Sao Paulo Clin Hosp, Sao Paulo, Brazil. 569Finnish Inst Occupat Hlth, Helsinki, Finland. 570Hosp Italiano Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. 571Rigshosp, Copenhagen, Denmark. 572Acad Med Ctr Univ Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands. 573Ctr Oral Hlth Serv & Res Midnorway, Trondheim, Norway. 574Lagos State Univ, Coll Med, Lagos, Nigeria. 575Univ Las Palmas Gran Canaria, Las Palmas Gran Canaria, Spain. 576Comenius Univ, Bratislava, Slovakia. 577Natl Ctr Dis Control & Publ Hlth, Tbilisi, Georgia. 578Nippon Med Sch, Tokyo, Japan. 579Sungkyunkwan Univ, Seoul, South Korea. 580Publ Hlth Promot & Dev Org, Kathmandu, Nepal. 581St Vincents Hosp, Sydney, NSW, Australia. 582Nes Municipal, Aarnes, Norway. 583Hlth Polytech Jakarta II Inst, Jakarta, Indonesia. 584Diponegoro Univ, Semarang, Indonesia. 585Univ Bari, Bari, Italy. 586Inst Reg Sante Publ, Ouidah, Benin. 587Univ Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France. 588Oslo Metropolitan Univ, Oslo, Norway. 589Inst Publ Hlth, Skopje, North Macedonia. 590Univ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium. 591Lamprecht & Stamm Sozialforsch & Beratung AG, Zurich, Switzerland. 592Inst Natl Sante & Rech Med, Nancy, France. 593Univ Bonn, Bonn, Germany. 594Sotiria Hosp, Sotiria, Greece. 595Kalina Malina Kindergarten, Pazardjik, Bulgaria. 596Jikei Univ, Sch Med, Tokyo, Japan. 597Fu Jen Catholic Univ, Taipei, Taiwan. 598Natl Stat Off, Praia, Cape Verde. 599Natl Inst Publ Hlth Natl Inst Hyg, Warsaw, Poland. 600Deakin Univ, Sydney, NSW, Australia. 601Sci Res Inst Maternal & Child Hlth, Ashkhabad, Turkmenistan. 602Univ Lincoln, Lincoln, England. 603Minist Hlth, Amman, Jordan. 604UNICEF, Niamey, Niger. 605Cent Univ Kerala, Kasaragod, India. 606Amsterdam Publ Hlth Res Inst, Amsterdam, Netherlands. 607Hlth Serv Murcia, Murcia, Spain. 608Inst Invest Sanitaria Illes Balears, Menorca, Spain. 609Univ Bologna, Bologna, Italy. 610Hellen Hlth Fdn, Athens, Greece. 611Govt Med Coll, Bhavnagar, Gujarat, India. 612Sefako Makgatho Hlth Sci Univ, Ga Rankuwa, South Africa. 613Addis Ababa Univ, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. 614Minist Hlth, Wellington, New Zealand. 615Univ Ctr Occidental Lisandro Alvarado, Barquisimeto, Venezuela. 616Meharry Med Coll, Nashville, TN 37208 USA. 617Dokuz Eylul Univ, Izmir, Turkey. 618Univ Tampere, Tays Eye Ctr, Tampere, Finland. 619Sabiha Gokcen Ilkokulu, Ankara, Turkey. 620Polytech Inst Porto, Porto, Portugal. 621Icahn Sch Med Mt Sinai, New York, NY 10029 USA. 622Univ CEU San Pablo, Madrid, Spain. 623Shanghai Educ Dev Co Ltd, Shanghai, Peoples R China. 624CNR, Pisa, Italy. 625Univ Miguel Hernandez, Alicante, Spain. 626Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands. 627Sunflower Nursery Sch, Craiova, Romania. 628North Karelia Ctr Publ Hlth, Joensuu, Finland. 629Univ Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa. 630Med Univ Vienna, Vienna, Austria. 631Cork Inst Technol, Cork, Ireland. 632Inst Med Res, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. 633Xinjiang Med Univ, Urumqi, Peoples R China. 634Minist Hlth, Auckland, New Zealand. 635Rebro Univ, Rebro, Sweden. 636St Georges Univ London, London, England. 637Univ Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia. 638Minist Agr & Rural Affairs, Inst Food & Nutr Dev, Beijing, Peoples R China. 639Fudan Univ, Childrens Hosp, Shanghai, Peoples R China. 640Univ Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus. 641Niigata Univ, Niigata, Japan. 642Int Med Univ, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia. 643Hellen Mediterranean Univ, Iraklion, Greece. 644Iran Univ Med Sci, Tehran, Iran. 645Ctr Diabet & Endocrine Care, Srinagar, India. 646Peking Univ First Hosp, Beijing, Peoples R China. 647Jiangsu Prov Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Nanjing, Peoples R China. 648Sun Yat Sen Univ, Guangzhou, Peoples R China. 649West Kazakhstan Med Univ, Aktobe, Kazakhstan. 650Inner Mongolia Med Univ, Hohhot, Peoples R China. 651Przedszkole 81, Warsaw, Poland.