Abstract

The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) features a 20 kt multi-purpose underground liquid scintillator sphere as its main detector. Some of JUNO’s features make it an excellent location for ⁸B solar neutrino measurements, such as its low-energy threshold, high energy resolution compared with water Cherenkov detectors, and much larger target mass compared with previous liquid scintillator detectors. In this paper, we present a comprehensive assessment of JUNO’s potential for detecting ⁸B solar neutrinos via the neutrino-electron elastic scattering process. A reduced 2 MeV threshold for the recoil electron energy is found to be achievable, assuming that the intrinsic radioactive background ²³⁸U and ²³Th in the liquid scintillator can be controlled to 10⁻¹⁷ g/g. With ten years of data acquisition, approximately 60,000 signal and 30,000 background events are expected. This large sample will enable an examination of the distortion of the recoil electron spectrum that is dominated by the neutrino flavor transformation in the dense solar matter, which will shed new light on the inconsistency between the measured electron spectra and the predictions of the standard three-flavor neutrino oscillation framework. If \(\Delta m^{2}_{21} = 4.8\times10^{-5}\; (7.5\times10^{-5}) \) eV², JUNO can provide evidence of neutrino oscillation in the Earth at approximately the 3σ (2σ) level by measuring the non-zero signal rate variation with respect to the solar zenith angle. Moreover, JUNO can simultaneously measure \(\Delta m^2_{21}\) using ⁸B solar neutrinos to a precision of 20% or better, depending on the central value, and to sub-percent precision using reactor antineutrinos. A comparison of these two measurements from the same detector will help understand the current mild inconsistency between the value of \(\Delta m^2_{21}\) reported by solar neutrino experiments and the KamLAND experiment.

JUNO Collaboration

Angel Abusleme5, Thomas Adam45, Shakeel Ahmad67, Sebastiano Aiello55, Muhammad Akram67, Nawab Ali67, Fengpeng An(安丰鹏)29, Guangpeng An(安广鹏)10, Qi An(安琪)22, Giuseppe Andronico55, Nikolay Anfimov68, Vito Antonelli58, Tatiana Antoshkina68, Burin Asavapibhop72, João Pedro Athayde Marcondes de André45, Didier Auguste43, Andrej Babic71, Wander Baldini57, Andrea Barresi59, Eric Baussan45, Marco Bellato61, Antonio Bergnoli61, Enrico Bernieri65, David Biare68, Thilo Birkenfeld48, Sylvie Blin43, David Blum54, Simon Blyth40, Anastasia Bolshakova68, Mathieu Bongrand47, Clément Bordereau44,39, Dominique Breton43, Augusto Brigatti58, Riccardo Brugnera62, Riccardo Bruno55, Antonio Budano65, Max Buesken48, Mario Buscemi55, Jose Busto46, Ilya Butorov68, Anatael Cabrera43, Hao Cai(蔡浩)34, Xiao Cai(蔡啸)10, Yanke Cai(蔡严克)10, Zhiyan Cai(蔡志岩)10, Antonio Cammi60, Agustin Campeny5, Chuanya Cao(曹传亚)10, Guofu Cao(曹国富)10, Jun Cao(曹俊)10, Rossella Caruso55, Cédric Cerna44, Jinfan Chang(常劲帆)10, Yun Chang39, Pingping Chen(陈平平)18, Po-An Chen40, Shaomin Chen(陈少敏)13, Shenjian Chen(陈申见)27, Xurong Chen(陈旭荣)26, Yi-Wen Chen38, Yixue Chen(陈义学)11, Yu Chen(陈羽)20, Zhang Chen(陈长)10, Jie Cheng(程捷)10, Yaping Cheng(程雅苹)7, Alexander Chepurnov70, Davide Chiesa59, Pietro Chimenti3, Artem Chukanov68, Anna Chuvashova68, Gérard Claverie44, Catia Clementi63, Barbara Clerbaux2, Selma Conforti Di Lorenzo43, Daniele Corti61, Salvatore Costa55, Flavio Dal Corso61, Christophe De La Taille43, Jiawei Deng(邓佳维)34, Zhi Deng(邓智)13, Ziyan Deng(邓子艳)10, Wilfried Depnering52, Marco Diaz5, Xuefeng Ding58, Yayun Ding(丁雅韵)10, Bayu Dirgantara74, Sergey Dmitrievsky68, Tadeas Dohnal41, Georgy Donchenko70, Jianmeng Dong(董建蒙)13, Damien Dornic46, Evgeny Doroshkevich69, Marcos Dracos45, Frédéric Druillole44, Shuxian Du(杜书先)37, Stefano Dusini61, Martin Dvorak41, Timo Enqvist42, Heike Enzmann52, Andrea Fabbri65, Lukas Fajt71, Donghua Fan(范东华)24, Lei Fan(樊磊)10, Can Fang(方灿)28, Jian Fang(方建)10, Marco Fargetta55, Anna Fatkina68, Dmitry Fedoseev68, Vladko Fekete71, Li-Cheng Feng38, Qichun Feng(冯启春)21, Richard Ford58, Andrey Formozov58, Amélie Fournier44, Haonan Gan(甘浩男)32, Feng Gao48, Alberto Garfagnini62, Alexandre Göttel50,48, Christoph Genster50, Marco Giammarchi58, Agnese Giaz62, Nunzio Giudice55, Franco Giuliani30, Maxim Gonchar68, Guanghua Gong(龚光华)13, Hui Gong(宫辉)13, Oleg Gorchakov68, Yuri Gornushkin68, Marco Grassi62, Christian Grewing51, Maxim Gromov70, Vasily Gromov68, Minghao Gu(顾旻皓)10, Xiaofei Gu(谷肖飞)37, Yu Gu(古宇)19, Mengyun Guan(关梦云)10, Nunzio Guardone55, Maria Gul67, Cong Guo(郭聪)10, Jingyuan Guo(郭竞渊)20, Wanlei Guo(郭万磊)10, Xinheng Guo(郭新恒)8, Yuhang Guo(郭宇航)35,50, Paul Hackspacher52, Caren Hagner49, Ran Han(韩然)7, Yang Han43, Miao He(何苗)10, Wei He(何伟)10, Tobias Heinz54, Patrick Hellmuth44, Yuekun Heng(衡月昆)10, Rafael Herrera5, Daojin Hong(洪道金)28, YuenKeung Hor(贺远强)28, Shaojing Hou(侯少静)10, Yee Hsiung40, Bei-Zhen Hu40, Hang Hu(胡航)20, Jianrun Hu(胡健润)10, Jun Hu(胡俊)10, Shouyang Hu(胡守扬)9 Tao Hu(胡涛)10, Zhuojun Hu(胡焯钧)20, Chunhao Huang(黄春豪)20, Guihong Huang(黄桂鸿)10, Hanxiong Huang(黄翰雄)9, Qinhua Huang45, Wenhao Huang(黄文昊)25, Xingtao Huang(黄性涛)25, Yongbo Huang(黄永波)28, Jiaqi Hui(惠加琪)30, Wenju Huo(霍文驹)22, Cédric Huss44, Safeer Hussain67, Antonio Insolia55, Ara Ioannisian1, Daniel Ioannisyan1, Roberto Isocrate61, Kuo-Lun Jen38, Xiaolu Ji(季筱璐)10, Xingzhao Ji(吉星曌)20, Huihui Jia(贾慧慧)33, Junji Jia(贾俊基)34, Siyu Jian(蹇司玉)9, Di Jiang(蒋荻)22, Xiaoshan Jiang(江晓山)10, Ruyi Jin(金如意)10, Xiaoping Jing(荆小平)10, Cécile Jollet44, Jari Joutsenvaara42, Sirichok Jungthawan74, Leonidas Kalousis45, Philipp Kampmann50,48, Li Kang(康丽)18, Michael Karagounis51, Narine Kazarian1, Amir Khan20, Waseem Khan35, Khanchai Khosonthongkee74, Patrick Kinz38, Denis Korablev68, Konstantin Kouzakov70, Alexey Krasnoperov68, Svetlana Krokhaleva69, Zinovy Krumshteyn68, Andre Kruth51, Nikolay Kutovskiy68, Pasi Kuusiniemi42, Tobias Lachenmaier54, Cecilia Landini58, Sébastien Leblanc44, Frederic Lefevre47, Liping Lei(雷丽萍)13, Ruiting Lei(雷瑞庭)18, Rupert Leitner41, Jason Leung38, Demin Li(李德民)37, Fei Li(李飞)10, Fule Li(李福乐)13, Haitao Li(李海涛)20, Huiling Li(李慧玲)10, Jiaqi Li(李佳褀)20, Jin Li(李瑾)10, Kaijie Li(李凯杰)20, Mengzhao Li(李梦朝)10, Nan Li(李楠)16, Nan Li(李楠)10, Qingjiang Li(李清江)16, Ruhui Li(李茹慧)10, Shanfeng Li(黎山峰)18, Shuaijie Li(李帅杰)20, Tao Li(李涛)20, Weidong Li(李卫东)10, Weiguo Li(李卫国)10, Xiaomei Li(李笑梅)9, Xiaonan Li(李小男)10, Xinglong Li(李兴隆)9, Yi Li(李仪)18, Yufeng Li(李玉峰)10, Zhibing Li(李志兵)20, Ziyuan Li(李紫源)20, Hao Liang(梁浩)9, Hao Liang(梁昊)22, Jingjing Liang(梁静静)28, Jiajun Liao(廖佳军)20, Daniel Liebau51, Ayut Limphirat74, Sukit Limpijumnong74, Guey-Lin Lin38, Shengxin Lin(林盛鑫)18, Tao Lin(林韬)10, Jiajie Ling(凌家杰)20, Ivano Lippi61, Fang Liu(刘芳)11, Haidong Liu(刘海东)37, Hongbang Liu(刘宏帮)28, Hongjuan Liu(刘红娟)23, Hongtao Liu(刘洪涛)20, Hu Liu(刘虎)20, Hui Liu(刘绘)19, Jianglai Liu(刘江来)30,31, Jinchang Liu(刘金昌)10, Min Liu(刘敏)23, Qian Liu(刘倩)14, Qin Liu(刘钦)22, Runxuan Liu10,50,48, Shuangyu Liu(刘双雨)10, Shubin Liu(刘树彬)22, Shulin Liu(刘术林)10, Xiaowei Liu(刘小伟)20, Yan Liu(刘言)10, Alexey Lokhov70, Paolo Lombardi58, Claudio Lombardo55,56, Kai Loo52, Chuan Lu(陆川)32, Haoqi Lu(路浩奇)10, Jingbin Lu(陆景彬)15, Junguang Lu(吕军光)10, Shuxiang Lu(路书祥)37, Xiaoxu Lu(卢晓旭)10, Bayarto Lubsandorzhiev69, Sultim Lubsandorzhiev69, Livia Ludhova50,48, Fengjiao Luo(罗凤蛟)10, Guang Luo(罗光)20, Pengwei Luo(罗朋威)20, Shu Luo(罗舒)36, Wuming Luo(罗武鸣)10, Vladimir Lyashuk69, Qiumei Ma(马秋梅)10, Si Ma(马斯)10, Xiaoyan Ma(马骁妍)10, Xubo Ma(马续波)11, Jihane Maalmi43, Yury Malyshkin68, Fabio Mantovani57, Francesco Manzali62, Xin Mao(冒鑫)7, Yajun Mao(冒亚军)12, Stefano M. Mari65, Filippo Marini62, Sadia Marium67, Cristina Martellini65, Gisele Martin-Chassard43, Agnese Martini64, Davit Mayilyan1, Axel Müller54, Ints Mednieks66, Yue Meng(孟月)30, Anselmo Meregaglia44, Emanuela Meroni58, David Meyhöfer49, Mauro Mezzetto61, Jonathan Miller6, Lino Miramonti58, Salvatore Monforte55, Paolo Montini65, Michele Montuschi57, Nikolay Morozov68, Pavithra Muralidharan51, Massimiliano Nastasi59, Dmitry V. Naumov68, Elena Naumova68, Igor Nemchenok68, Alexey Nikolaev70, Feipeng Ning(宁飞鹏)10, Zhe Ning(宁哲)10, Hiroshi Nunokawa4, Lothar Oberauer53, Juan Pedro Ochoa-Ricoux75,5, Alexander Olshevskiy68, Domizia Orestano65, Fausto Ortica63, Hsiao-Ru Pan40, Alessandro Paoloni64, Nina Parkalian51, Sergio Parmeggiano58, Teerapat Payupol72, Yatian Pei(裴亚田)10, Nicomede Pelliccia63, Anguo Peng(彭安国)23, Haiping Peng(彭海平)22, Frédéric Perrot44, Pierre-Alexandre Petitjean2, Fabrizio Petrucci65, Luis Felipe Piñeres Rico45, Oliver Pilarczyk52, Artyom Popov70, Pascal Poussot45, Wathan Pratumwan74, Ezio Previtali59, Fazhi Qi(齐法制)10, Ming Qi(祁鸣)27, Sen Qian(钱森)10, Xiaohui Qian(钱小辉)10, Hao Qiao(乔浩)12, Zhonghua Qin(秦中华)10, Shoukang Qiu(丘寿康)23, Muhammad Rajput67, Gioacchino Ranucci58, Neill Raper20, Alessandra Re58, Henning Rebber49, Abdel Rebii44, Bin Ren(任斌)18, Jie Ren(任杰)9, Taras Rezinko68, Barbara Ricci57, Markus Robens51, Mathieu Roche44, Narongkiat Rodphai72, Aldo Romani63, Bedřich Roskovec75, Christian Roth51, Xiangdong Ruan(阮向东)28, Xichao Ruan(阮锡超)9, Saroj Rujirawat74, Arseniy Rybnikov68, Andrey Sadovsky68, Paolo Saggese58, Giuseppe Salamanna65, Simone Sanfilippo65, Anut Sangka73, Nuanwan Sanguansak74, Utane Sawangwit73, Julia Sawatzki53, Fatma Sawy62, Michaela Schever50,48, Jacky Schuler45, Cédric Schwab45, Konstantin Schweizer53, Dmitry Selivanov68, Alexandr Selyunin68, Andrea Serafini57, Giulio Settanta50, Mariangela Settimo47, Muhammad Shahzad67, Vladislav Sharov68, Gang Shi(施刚)13, Jingyan Shi(石京燕)10, Yongjiu Shi(石永久)13, Vitaly Shutov68, Andrey Sidorenkov69, Fedor Šimkovic71, Chiara Sirignano62, Jaruchit Siripak74, Monica Sisti59, Maciej Slupecki42, Mikhail Smirnov20, Oleg Smirnov68, Thiago Sogo-Bezerra47, Julanan Songwadhana74, Boonrucksar Soonthornthum73, Albert Sotnikov68, Ondrej Sramek41, Warintorn Sreethawong74, Achim Stahl48, Luca Stanco61, Konstantin Stankevich70, Dušan Štefánik71, Hans Steiger53, Jochen Steinmann48, Tobias Sterr54, Matthias Raphael Stock53, Virginia Strati57, Alexander Studenikin70, Gongxing Sun(孙功星)10, Shifeng Sun(孙世峰)11, Xilei Sun(孙希磊)10, Yongjie Sun(孙勇杰)22, Yongzhao Sun(孙永昭)10, Narumon Suwonjandee72, Michal Szelezniak45, Jian Tang(唐健)20, Qiang Tang(唐强)20, Quan Tang(唐泉)23, Xiao Tang(唐晓)10, Alexander Tietzsch54, Igor Tkachev69, Tomas Tmej41, Konstantin Treskov68, Andrea Triossi45, Giancarlo Troni5, Wladyslaw Trzaska42, Cristina Tuve55, Stefan van Waasen51, Johannes van den Boom51, Guillaume Vanroyen47, Nikolaos Vassilopoulos10, Vadim Vedin66, Giuseppe Verde55, Maxim Vialkov70, Benoit Viaud47, Cristina Volpe43, Vit Vorobel41, Lucia Votano64, Pablo Walker5, Caishen Wang(王彩申)18, Chung-Hsiang Wang39, En Wang(王恩)37, Guoli Wang(王国利)21, Jian Wang(王坚)22, Jun Wang(王俊)20, Kunyu Wang(王坤宇)10, Lu Wang(汪璐)10, Meifen Wang(王美芬)10, Meng Wang(王孟)23, Meng Wang(王萌)25, Ruiguang Wang(王瑞光)10, Siguang Wang(王思广)12, Wei Wang(王为)20, Wei Wang(王维)27, Wenshuai Wang(王文帅)10, Xi Wang(王玺)16, Xiangyue Wang(王湘粤)20, Yangfu Wang(王仰夫)10, Yaoguang Wang(王耀光)34, Yi Wang(王忆)24, Yi Wang(王义)13, Yifang Wang(王贻芳)10, Yuanqing Wang(王元清)13, Yuman Wang(王玉漫)27, Zhe Wang(王喆)13, Zheng Wang(王铮)10, Zhimin Wang(王志民)10, Zongyi Wang(王综轶)13, Apimook Watcharangkool73, Lianghong Wei(韦良红)10, Wei Wei(魏微)10, Yadong Wei(魏亚东)18, Liangjian Wen(温良剑)10, Christopher Wiebusch48, Steven Chan-Fai Wong(黄振輝)20, Bjoern Wonsak49, Diru Wu(吴帝儒)10, Fangliang Wu(武方亮)27, Qun Wu(吴群)25, Wenjie Wu(吴文杰)34, Zhi Wu(吴智)10, Michael Wurm52, Jacques Wurtz45, Christian Wysotzki48, Yufei Xi(习宇飞)32, Dongmei Xia(夏冬梅)17, Yuguang Xie(谢宇广)10, Zhangquan Xie(谢章权)10, Zhizhong Xing(邢志忠)10, Benda Xu(续本达)13, Donglian Xu(徐东莲)31,30, Fanrong Xu(徐繁荣)19, Jilei Xu(徐吉磊)10, Jing Xu(徐晶)8, Meihang Xu(徐美杭)10, Yin Xu(徐音)33, Yu Xu50,48, Baojun Yan(闫保军)10, Xiongbo Yan(严雄波)10, Yupeng Yan74, Anbo Yang(杨安波)10, Changgen Yang(杨长根)10, Huan Yang(杨欢)10, Jie Yang(杨洁)37, Lei Yang(杨雷)18, Xiaoyu Yang(杨晓宇)10, Yifan Yang2, Haifeng Yao(姚海峰)10, Zafar Yasin67, Jiaxuan Ye(叶佳璇)10, Mei Ye(叶梅)10, Ugur Yegin51, Frédéric Yermia47, Peihuai Yi(易培淮)10, Xiangwei Yin(尹翔伟)10, Zhengyun You(尤郑昀)20, Boxiang Yu(俞伯祥)10, Chiye Yu(余炽业)18, Chunxu Yu(喻纯旭)33, Hongzhao Yu(余泓钊)20, Miao Yu(于淼)34, Xianghui Yu(于向辉)33, Zeyuan Yu(于泽源)10, Chengzhuo Yuan(袁成卓)10, Ying Yuan(袁影)12, Zhenxiong Yuan(袁振雄)13, Ziyi Yuan(袁子奕)34, Baobiao Yue(岳保彪)20, Noman Zafar67, Andre Zambanini51, Pan Zeng(曾攀)13, Shan Zeng(曾珊)10, Tingxuan Zeng(曾婷轩)10, Yuda Zeng(曾裕达)20, Liang Zhan(占亮)10, Feiyang Zhang(张飞洋)30, Guoqing Zhang(张国庆)10, Haiqiong Zhang(张海琼)10, Honghao Zhang(张宏浩)20, Jiawen Zhang(张家文)10, Jie Zhang(张杰)10, Jingbo Zhang(张景波)21, Peng Zhang(张鹏)10, Qingmin Zhang(张清民)35, Shiqi Zhang(张石其)20, Tao Zhang(张涛)30, Xiaomei Zhang(张晓梅)10, Xuantong Zhang(张玄同)10, Yan Zhang(张岩)10, Yinhong Zhang(张银鸿)10, Yiyu Zhang(张易于)10, Yongpeng Zhang(张永鹏)10, Yuanyuan Zhang(张园园)30, Yumei Zhang(张玉美)20, Zhenyu Zhang(张振宇)34, Zhijian Zhang(张志坚)18, Fengyi Zhao(赵凤仪)26, Jie Zhao(赵洁)10, Rong Zhao(赵荣)20, Shujun Zhao(赵书俊)37, Tianchi Zhao(赵天池)10, Dongqin Zheng(郑冬琴)19, Hua Zheng(郑华)18, Minshan Zheng(郑敏珊)9, Yangheng Zheng(郑阳恒)14, Weirong Zhong(钟伟荣)19, Jing Zhou(周静)9, Li Zhou(周莉)10, Nan Zhou(周楠)22, Shun Zhou(周顺)10, Xiang Zhou(周详)34, Jiang Zhu(朱江)20, Kejun Zhu(朱科军)10, Honglin Zhuang(庄红林)10, Liang Zong(宗亮)13, Jiaheng Zou(邹佳恒)10

1Yerevan Physics Institute, Yerevan, Armenia 2Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium 3Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil 4Pontificia Universidade Catolica do Rio de Janeiro, Rio, Brazil 5Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile 6Universidad Tecnica Federico Santa Maria, Valparaiso, Chile 7Beijing Institute of Spacecraft Environment Engineering, Beijing, China 8Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China 9China Institute of Atomic Energy, Beijing, China 10Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing, China 11North China Electric Power University, Beijing, China 12School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, China 13Tsinghua University, Beijing, China 14University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China 15Jilin University, Changchun, China 16College of Electronic Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China 17Chongqing University, Chongqing, China 18Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan, China 19Jinan University, Guangzhou, China 20Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China 21Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China 22University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China 23The Radiochemistry and Nuclear Chemistry Group in University of South China, Hengyang, China 24Wuyi University, Jiangmen, China 25Shandong University, Jinan, China 26Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China 27Nanjing University, Nanjing, China 28Guangxi University, Nanning, China 29East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China 30School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China 31Tsung-Dao Lee Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China 32Institute of Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Shijiazhuang, China 33Nankai University, Tianjin, China 34Wuhan University, Wuhan, China 35Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China 36Xiamen University, Xiamen, China 37School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China 38Institute of Physics National Chiao-Tung University, Hsinchu 39National United University, Miao-Li 40Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 41Charles University, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Prague, Czech Republic 42University of Jyvaskyla, Department of Physics, Jyvaskyla, Finland 43IJCLab, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, 91405 Orsay, France 44Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, CENBG, UMR 5797, F-33170 Gradignan, France 45IPHC, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS/IN2P3, F-67037 Strasbourg, France 46Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille, Marseille, France 47SUBATECH, Université de Nantes, IMT Atlantique, CNRS-IN2P3, Nantes, France 48III. Physikalisches Institut B, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany 49Institute of Experimental Physics, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany 50Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Nuclear Physics Institute IKP-2, Jülich, Germany 51Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Central Institute of Engineering, Electronics and Analytics — Electronic Systems(ZEA-2), Jülich, Germany 52Institute of Physics, Johannes-Gutenberg Universität Mainz, Mainz, Germany 53Technische Universität München, München, Germany 54Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Physikalisches Institut, Tübingen, Germany 55INFN Catania and Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia dell Università di Catania, Catania, Italy 56INFN Catania and Centro Siciliano di Fisica Nucleare e Struttura della Materia, Catania, Italy 57Department of Physics and Earth Science, University of Ferrara and INFN Sezione di Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy 58INFN Sezione di Milano and Dipartimento di Fisica dell Università di Milano, Milano, Italy 59INFN Milano Bicocca and University of Milano Bicocca, Milano, Italy 60INFN Milano Bicocca and Politecnico of Milano, Milano, Italy 61INFN Sezione di Padova, Padova, Italy 62Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia dell’Universita’ di Padova and INFN Sezione di Padova, Padova, Italy 63INFN Sezione di Perugia and Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia e Biotecnologie dell’Università di Perugia, Perugia, Italy 64Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati dell’INFN, Roma, Italy 65University of Roma Tre and INFN Sezione Roma Tre, Roma, Italy 66Institute of Electronics and Computer Science, Riga, Latvia 67Pakistan Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan 68Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Russia 69Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia 70Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia 71Comenius University Bratislava, Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics, Bratislava, Slovakia 72Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand 73National Astronomical Research Institute of Thailand, Chiang Mai, Thailand 74Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand 75Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, California, USA