The quality of early childhood education and care (ECEC) is linked with societal values, understanding of curricula, and future goals. In the hands of motivated and qualified practitioners and stakeholders, the methods and practices of the evaluation could thrive, sustain, and secure a better future. In this book, we explore and define the assessment and evaluation in the context of ECEC to provide systematic information and an overview of practices, policies, and research for ensuring and developing the quality of education. In this chapter, we identify the voices of the stakeholders of ECEC, create an understanding of what and why assessment and evaluation are taking place, form a critical discourse, and describe the assessment processes.