This study focuses on differences in employee work ability, organizational commitment and justice, and early retirement intentions according to company performance in the metal industry and retail trade. Employees in medium-performance metal industry companies perceived their work ability poorer and experienced less organizational commitment and justice compared to employees in high-performance companies. Early retirement intentions among retail trade employees were more frequent in medium compared to high-performance companies. The findings are in line with those of earlier studies on employee attitudes and company performance, but may also indicate the existence of dual causality between employee well-being and company performance.