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The Feasibility of a Heated Box for Clothing Items

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The Feasibility of a Heated Box for Clothing Items

This study concerns the feasibility of a heated box for clothing items, as a precursor to a heated closet. Suitable materials for the box are examined, along with the resistive heating elements (RHEs). Namely: a parallel resistor connection, copper, nichrome and nikrothal wire. Lastly, the heating of the wire is controlled through the use of an Arduino 2560 microcontroller, operating a pulse width modulation (PWM). The purpose of the study was to increase the temperature within the box to such a degree, that clothing items placed within the box during the heating process could then be worn by the user, and keep them warm in colder environments. Initially, the assumptions were that a 25°C increase in air temperature would be sufficient and would require 4W of power. Testing commenced with the parallel resistor connection as a first safe step, to determine if the assumed resistance, voltage, current and power values were correct. However, initial assumptions were found to be incorrect, as the temperature increase was not attained and the voltage, current and power values were insufficient. Although theoretical values were calculated for all the wire types, practicality demanded that only nikrothal wire could be physically tested. Throughout the process, the wire length and resultant resistivity was adjusted, along with the applied voltage and subsequent current and power values. Ultimately, the best results were attained when the air temperature increase was approximately 45°C, which required that the nikrothal wire be heated to 100°C. These results were obtained by applying 17V over a 2 minute period to 4.4Ω of parallel connected wire. At the latter stages of testing, a 75% PWM was implemented to keep within a 1°C error margin of the maximum RHE temperature. Once the box was deemed to be working as desired, clothing items were confined to the box , heated, and worn in 3°C weather. They were found to keep the user warm for a period of at least 15 minutes, though results could vary. Although the voltage and current required to power the box were larger than expected, indicating that an easily purchasable battery pack would be insufficient, the heating box was still determined to be feasible and the goal of warming clothing items was achieved.

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