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Glasiaalisten lineaatioiden morfologiset vaihtelut ja niiden yhteys jäätikön alaisiin sulamisvesiin eteläisessä Suomessa

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Glasiaalisten lineaatioiden morfologiset vaihtelut ja niiden yhteys jäätikön alaisiin sulamisvesiin eteläisessä Suomessa

With LiDAR-technology, subglacial meltwater routes have been found and new bedforms unknown to science discovered (see murtoos). Also, the morphology of the streamlined bedforms, i.e. glacial lineations, can be examined in more detail than before. In this thesis, lineations were classified into four categories according to their texture from LiDAR based digital elevation models. The smooth texture (S-lineations, class 0) was concluded to indicate primarily the glacier flow and its streamlining effect on the land surface. Hummocky texture (H-lineations, classes 1–3) was inferred to have been formed secondarily by subglacial meltwater flows. The key observation is that the lineations have routed the meltwater to flow to the lee side of the bedforms. This is probably explained by the lower pressure on the lee side of the bedform compared to its proximal side. Also, the proximal part usually consists of bedrock while the lee side consists of loose sediments, which makes the lee side more susceptible to deformation. Most of the H-lineations were observed in the Loimaa sublobe, area which endorses the notion that the subglacial hydrological system has diverged from the main ice stream, Baltic Sea ice lobe. The formation of H-lineations seems to be linked to the end of the cold period, Younger Dryas. H-lineations were concentrated in the II and III Salpausselkä area, where they were observed to start approximately 3 km from the proximal side of the marginal moraines. This could indicate the cold based conditions under the glacier margin, which may have caused the waters to spread laterally over a wide area. This thesis increases the understanding of the influence of topography on the routing meltwater under the glacier and deepens the understanding how the deglaciation has progressed in Southern Finland.

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